Livingwell-Grammar[]unit1book7资料.ppt

Revise the Infinitive Unit 1 Grammar 不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。 不定式 动词不定式的作用 Functions of Infinitive 1 主语 2 表语 3 宾语 4 宾补 5 定语 6 状语 7 独立结构 1 不定式作主语 (subject) To keep smiling is healthy for you. It’s important to look up the new words in the dictionary when you study English. 单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式后置。 My job to protect the world. Your task is to _____________. is 2 不定式作表语 (predicative) Seeing is to believe. To see is believing. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. × √ √ × 不定式常用在系动词 be, seem, appear, get, remain等后作表语。 All you have to do is (to) finish the job quickly. 如果主语部分有个表示不定式内容的do, 用作表语的不定式可省略to。 Yao Ming likes to play basketball. I find it still necessary (for him) to _________ if he wants to win. 3 不定式作宾语 (object) 句型：think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do 4 不定式作宾补 (object complement) My mum asks me to play the piano two hours every day. The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help. 引导不定式作宾补的动词： warn, tell, allow, help, ask, force等 +sb to do sth listen to hear watch 五看 see look at observe notice 三使 let make have 二听 一感觉: feel + sb do sth （不带to） 1. They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree. The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree. 但当以上的动词用于被动式，to要还原： Mother made John wash the car for a week. John was made to wash the car for a week. 不定式做宾补时不带to的情况 1 不定式在感官动词(feel, hear, listen to, watch, look at, notice, observe)后； 2 使役动词 ( let, have, make)后边作 宾补时, 省去to, 但是在被动语态中 要还原to； 5 不定式作定语 (attribute) 1. Kate is looking for a suitable coat to wear. 2. Tom has a nice pen to write with. 1. 不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后 (a) She was very busy and had no time to visit her friends. (b) Ladies and gentlemen, I have something important to tell you. 不定式作定语 注意比较： 1) Have you