儿童感染流感嗜血杆菌分离培养与耐药性分析.docVIP

儿童感染流感嗜血杆菌分离培养与耐药性分析 　　[摘要] 目的 了解流感嗜血杆菌（Hi）在儿童中的感染情况及耐药性现状，为临床合理使用抗生素提供参考。 方法 采集本院2012年6月～2013年5月就诊患儿的咽拭子、痰标本共2251份做细菌培养鉴定及药敏试验。 结果 Hi阳性标本186份，阳性率为8.3%。3～5月检出率最高，共检出74例，占39.8%，为感染高峰期；复方磺胺甲■唑片、氨苄西林、四环素耐药率较高分别为70.4%、51.6%、32.3%；氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢呋辛耐药率为26.3%、17.2%；头孢噻肟、氨曲南、阿奇霉素、左氧氟沙星耐药率均低于10.0%，美罗培南耐药率为0.0%；β-内酰胺酶的阳性率为45.2%。 结论 Hi是杭州地区儿童呼吸道感染中的重要致病菌，对常见抗生素的耐药率高，应根据药敏结果合理选择临床用药。 　　[关键词] 儿童；流感嗜血杆菌；感染；耐药率 　　[中图分类号] R378.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2013）11（b）-0108-02 　　Isolation of children′s infection with Haemophilus influenzae and the resistance analysis 　　WANG Yun-qiao LI Xiao-yu CHEN Gang WU Yi-dong 　　Children′s Hospital of Hangzhou City in Zhejiang Province，Hangzhou 310014，China 　　[Abstract] Objective To investigate the incidence and resistance status of Haemophilus influenzae（Hi） infection in children，so as to provide a reference for the rational use of antibiotics in clinical. Methods Bacterial culture of sputum and throat swab in 2251 children in our hospital from June 2012 to May 2013 were selected. Results 186 Hi samples had been detected and the positive rate was 8.3%，whereas there were 74 cases had been detected from March to May，and the positive rate was 39.8%，and the period was the infection peak according to the highest isolated rate.The drug resistance rates of susceptibility results showed that the resistance rate of trimethoprim/sulfam，ampicillin，tetracycline was 70.4%，51.6% and 32.3% respectively，the resistant rate of amipicillin/subactan and cefuroxime was 26.3% and 17.2% respectively，whereas the resistant rate of cefotaxime，aztreonam，azithromycin，levofloxacin were all less than 10%，meropenem resistance rate was 0.0%，the positive rate of β-lactamase was 45.2%. Conclusion Hi is an important pathogen of respiratory tract infections in children in Hangzhou area，with high resistance to common antibiotics，so the antibiotic choice in clinical should be based on susceptibility results reasonably. 　　[Key words] Children；Haemophilus influenzae；Infection；R