9781133019862_PPT_ch059781133019862_PPT_ch05.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Connectivity Testing with Ping (cont’d.) Most Ping utilities Send series of several Echo Requests to the target in order to obtain average response time Ping utility Sends series of four ICMP Echo Requests with a one-second ICMP Echo Reply Timeout value Supports IP addresses and names Uses traditional name resolution processes ? 2013 Course Technology/Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Connectivity Testing with Ping (cont’d.) ? 2013 Course Technology/Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. * * Connectivity Testing with Ping (cont’d.) Parameters available with the Ping utility -l size -f -i TTL -v TOS -w timeout ? 2013 Course Technology/Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Path Discovery with Traceroute Traceroute utility Uses route tracing to identify a path from sender to target host Available parameters -d -h -w ? 2013 Course Technology/Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. * ? 2013 Course Technology/Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. * ? 2013 Course Technology/Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. * Path Discovery with Pathping Pathping utility Command-line utility Uses ICMP Echo packets to test router and link latency, as well as packet loss PMTU Discovery Enables source to learn the currently supported MTU across an entire path ? 2013 Course Technology/Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. * Path MTU Discovery with ICMP Defined in RFC 1191 PMTU Discovery Enables source to learn the currently supported MTU across an entire path ? 2013 Course Technology/Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. * ? 2013 Course Technology/Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. * Path MTU Discovery with ICMP (cont’d.) PMTU process Host A sends a 4,096-byte packet to Host B Router 1 discards packet and sends Host A a “Fragmentation Needed and Don’t Fragment Flag was Set” ICMP packet Host A re-sends packet using