药学英语Unit one-text A.pptVIP

Unit One  Physiology and Pathology Physiology （生理学） How living organisms work. Pathology （病理学） Disease. Text A: Introduction to Physiology 注意英文标题（Tiltle）的书写格式 一般实词（名词、动词、代词、形容词、副词等）首字母大写，虚词（介词、冠词、连词、感叹词）首字母小写。 标题第一个单词、最后一个单词，无论是实词还是虚词，首字母都要大写。 5个及5个字母以上的虚词,如between、without、alongside、underneath等，都应该大写。 如果是重要的提示性标题，或专有名称标题，可以全部字母都用大写，但应慎用。 The success of physiology in explaining how organisms perform their daily tasks is based on the notion that they are intricate and exquisite machines whose operation is governed by physics and chemistry. 生理学成功揭示了生命体如何进行日常活动，是由于生命体结构虽然复杂巧妙，但却符合物理和化学规律。 Although some processes are similar across the whole spectrum of biology- the replication of the genetic code for example- many are specific to particular groups of organisms. gene，基因 genetic，基因的，遗传学的 genetic code，遗传密码 虽然在整个生物学范畴来看，某些过程是相似的，例如基因编码的复制，但许多过程仍是某些生物群体所特有的。 A full appreciation of the physiology of an organism must therefore be based on a sound knowledge of its anatomy. sound，a.完整的，完好的 a sound knowledge of，对……完整的了解 anatomy, 解剖学 要充分了解一种生物体的生理学活动，就必须掌握全面的解剖学知识。 Although there have been many important physiological investigations on human volunteers, the need for precise control over the experimental conditions has meant that much of our present physiological knowledge has been derived from studies on other animals such as frogs, rabbits, cats and dogs. 尽管我们对志愿者进行了许多重要的生理学研究，但实验条件需要精确控制，我们当前大多数的生理知识源于对其他动物如青蛙，兔子，猫和狗等的研究。 When it is clear that a specific physiological process has a common basis in a wide variety of animal species, it is reasonable to assume that the same principles will apply to humans. 当我们明确一种特定的生理过程适用于大部分的动物物种时，就可以合理地推测相同的规律同样适用于人类。 The knowledge gained from this approach has given us a great insight into human physiology and endowed us with a solid foundation for the effective treatment of many diseases. insight into sth，对…..的洞察力，深刻的了解 endow sb. with sth. 给予… 这种方式得到的知识使我们能够更深入地了解人类生理学，并且为疾病的有效治疗提供了坚实的基础。 Tissues 组织 epithelial 上皮的 connective 结缔~ ne