第8章药物滥用-wangyun.pptVIP

可卡因 A white crystalline powder made from the dried leaves of the coca plant, cocaine is a stimulant that rocks the central nervous system, giving users a quick, intense feeling of power and energy. 可卡因的药理作用 兴奋中枢神经系统 局部麻醉作用 心血管系统：心率加快、血压升高 呼吸系统 可卡因的依赖性 依赖性特点—— 很强的精神依赖性潜力 断药后出现疲乏、抑制、睡眠延长，饥饿感增加 急性中毒症状：欣快、过度健谈、刻板行为、失眠、中毒性精神病（幻觉、失去自我、丧失判断能力） Cocaine increases the extracellular DA by blocking the DA transporter (DAT) in the axonal terminal. Cocaine blocks NE transporter and 5-HT transporter as well. 可卡因成瘾机制 大麻 Marijuana is the most widely used illegal drug in the world because of its low price.