Carp Culture Hillsborough Community College鲤鱼养殖希尔斯伯勒社区学院.ppt

Carp Culture Dr. Craig Kasper Introduction Possibly the oldest form of aquaculture in the known world. Currently the largest (2/3 of ALL fish production is carp) Three key species: Grass Carp Silver Carp Bighead carp Introduction Why carp? Eat low on the food chain. Tolerate poor water quality Adapt to both alkaline and acidic water! Broodfish Broodfish should be selected at 2-4 years of age. Grown in ponds up to 1 to 10 acres (0.4 to 4 ha). Stock males and females at 1:1 or 2:3 Preferred Temperature 77°F. Hormone injection (hCG) can be used to induce ovulation. Expect ~250,00 eggs/quart of liquid during incubation. Culture Methods Overall carp culture is similar to other warm water fish culture. Fry will go through a “green water” stage Densities of 500,000 fry/a (1.25 million/ha) are possible! Feeding Grass carp: can be reared on plants alone, but also perform well on pellets. Bighead are eat detritus and zooplankton in the wild, but also take to pellets! Silver carp are primarily planktonivores. Yield? Carp ponds often yield 2000-5000 lbs./acre Often sold live or whole on ice. ? More on carp... Grass carp are a member of the Order Cypriniformes and Family Cyprinidae. Cyprinidae is the largest family of freshwater fish species and includes all the minnows and carps. Grass carp: Native to Asian rivers, but stocked widely across the US. Occasionally, carp will be named after the Amur River (“white amur, river amur, amur fish, etc. as a marketing tool.) Diploid vs. Triploid? Normal grass carp have 48 chromosomes (diploid or 2N chromosome number.) Sterile grass carp are heat or cold or pressure. The resulting fish are triploids (3N) because each cell has an extra set of chromosomes. Triploids are infertile. Eggs/Fertilization/Hatching Grass carp spawn naturally only in rivers with high water flows and appropriate temperature. Pond spawning does not take place. Feeding/Growth Grass carp consume vegetation intermittently at temperatures as low as