Colonial Spanish America faculty殖民地西班牙美国教师.grandview.ppt

Colonial Latin America Economy, Church, and State The Aftermath of Conquest The Legacies of Contact The “Columbian Exchange” Ecological Conquest? Physical and Psychological Effects Slave Master, late 18th c. Quito Castas, Eighteenth-Century Mexico The Emerging Colonial Economy The Example of Cortés The Encomienda Iberian Precedents Abuses and “Reform” The Rise of the Landowning Class The Hacienda and Hacendados Colonial Agriculture Sugar: “Sweetness and Power” The Mining Sector Mineral Wealth in the Americas The European Ideal (“Mercantilism”) The Mineral Cycle Indigenous Effects European Effects Financing Empire Long-Term Fiscal Trends La Valencia Silver Mine, Guanajuato, Mexico Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil Colonial Administration The Council of the Indies The Casa de Contratación Closed Ports and Monopolies (The Ideal) The Reality Colonial Administration: Viceroys and Audiencias→Corregidores and Cabildos, local power networks The Republica de los Indios Caciques Portugal and Colonial Brazil Pedro álvarez Cabral’s “discovery,” 1500 The “Factory” Period The feitoria Economic and Political Motivations Proprietary Settlements (“Captaincies”) The Addition of Royal Administration The French Threat The Indian Question Tomé de Sousa (admin. 1549-1553) The Sugar Cycle and African Slavery Church and State The Role of the Church Patronato Real The Incomplete “Spiritual Conquest” of America Syncretism Church vs. Landowners “Just War” and the “Indian Question” Bartolome de las Casas (vs. Sepúlveda) “New Laws” of the Indies, 1542 Alcoman Monastery Altar at National Cathedral Interior View, Cholula Cathedral Cuernavaca San Jose Mission, San Antonio Valladolid Yaxcabá (in the Yucatán) Carriers, Late Colonial Mexico * * * Elite Woman, 18th c. Bogota Cutting Sugarcane, Late Colonial Brazil Slaves sorting diamonds, Minas Gerais * *