Colonial Changes Syracuse University殖民地变化雪城大学.ppt

Colonial Changes: Economy and Government The New Colonial Government Early stage: Shaking the Pagoda Tree Bengal Famine of 1770 Lord North’s Regulating Act for India in 1773 Governor General and Council Supreme Court Pitt’s India Act of 1786 Board of Control Co-ordination Between Company and The Government Permanent Judicial Services Appointment of Lord Cornwallis Fort William College Haileybury College Land Revenue Settlements: Permanent Settlement of 1793 The Introduction of Permanent Settlement in Bengal in 1793 Features of Permanent Settlement Revenue Fixed in perpetuity Creation of a Class of Land Lords Complete oversight of the rights of peasants Ryotwari and Mahalwari Settlement Direct Settlements with Peasant Proprietors Periodic Increase in Revenue through Survey and Settlement Village Headman and Peasant Proprietors Consequences for Peasantry Land Scarcity and increase in land prices New Hierarchical Society in Rural India Deforestation and Environmental Cost Systematic Deprivation of Land of Adivasi Population Indian Taxes becoming the source of revenue to meet global trade deficit of England New Economic Changes Charter Act of 1813 Decline in the Artisanal Industry India becoming the Market of the British Cotton Textile Products Introduction of Cash Crops Indigo, Opium Monopoly, and China Tea New Property Regimes Rural Propertied Classes Enjoyed New Access to Power Restriction on the Mobility of Peasant Producers Decline of Indian Banking Industry End of the Era of Indian Merchants and Portfolio Capitalists Decline of the Bargaining Power of Weavers Intermediary Capitalists gaining Profits Absence of Moral and Cultural Restraints on Exploitation