COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSINGANA, 1986 Santa 社区健康护理1986圣诞老人.ppt

Community Health Nursing Module 11 Community Health Nursing (ANA, 1986) “The synthesis of nursing practice and public health practice applied to promoting and preserving the health of populations” Community Health Definitions Community - a group of people sharing common needs, interests, resources and environments. Population - a statistical aggregate or subgroup of people with similar or identical characteristics; may or may not interact with one another. Community Health Nursing - nursing care that takes place outside of acute-care settings; meets its goals by identifying problems and supporting community participation in the process of preserving and improving the health of community. The focus is on the health of the larger group rather than the health of the individual. Public Health Nursing - subset of Community Health Nursing; goal is primarily improving the health of the entire community. Communities:Essential Functions Production, distribution or consumption of items Socialization Transmission of culture Provision of norms/social controls Provision of mutual respect Communities:Four Critical Attributes Group orientation Bond among individuals Human interaction Collective action 7 Patterns in a Health Sustainable Community Cultivates leadership everywhere Creates a sense of community Connects people and resources Knows itself Practices ongoing dialogue Embraces diversity Shapes its future Goal of Community Health Programs “To improve the levels of health of the community” First, identify potential and existing community health problems Unique to each city Community Health Programs World Health Organization (WHO) Healthy People 2010 Department of Health and Human Services (DHS) Public Health Department (See Study Guide #2 for more extensive list) World Health Organization Founded in 1948 to give worldwide guidance in health, set standards of health, cooperate with governments in strengthening national health programs, and develop and transfer hea