Colonial Mexico Grand View University殖民地墨西哥大观大学.ppt

Colonial Mexico The Viceroyalty of New Spain Consolidating New Spain The Spanish Claims on America Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494 Casa de Contratación (1503, Seville) Council of the Indies (1524) Settling New Spain Extending the Conquest: Nu?o de Guzmán, Francisco Coronado, Juan de O?ate The Legacy of Cortes The Threat of Foreign Competition Administering an Empire The Viceroyalty of New Spain The “Republic of Spaniards” The Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza, Luis de Velasco (the elder) The Audiencia Oidores The Visitador: Royal Oversight Corregidores, Alcaldes Mayores, or Gobernadores The Local Context The Cabildo [Ayuntamiento] Town Councils Tensions between Local and Royal Agendas The Growth of Local Aristocracies Peninsulares and Criollos: The Distinction Emerges The “Republic of the Indians” Corregidores de Indios The Role of the Cacique Indian Depopulation The “Indian Question” The Encomienda The Power of Encomenderos The New Laws of the Indies (1542) Bartolomé de Las Casas and Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda (the 1550 debate) The Repartimiento The Spanish Imperial System The Imperial Monopoly Mercantilism A Fragmentation of Authority The State as All-Present, but Not All-Powerful “I Obey but Do Not Comply.” The Economy of New Spain The Example of Cortes The Advance of the Hacienda Hacendados Marriage and Entail An Unstable Elite, at first Agriculture Livestock Mining Zacatecas, San Luis Postosí The Quinto (Royal Fifth) The Beginnings of Manufacturing Obrajes Alcoman Monastery Altar at National Cathedral Interior View, Cholula Cathedral Cuernavaca San Jose Mission, San Antonio Valladolid Yaxcabá (in the Yucatán) The Church in Colonial Mexico The Spanish “Patronato Real” Secular and Regular Clergy The Church vs. the Encomenderos The Accession of Phillip II (1559) Eroding the Church’s Position The Work of Conversion The Inquisition, 1571 “Syncretism” Wordliness Fueros, Property Accumulation Colonial Society The Vagaries of Race Peninsulares, Criollos Mestizos Indians Africans