Comparative Digestive Systems Topic 3024 比较消化系统专题3024.ppt

Digestive Systems Digestive Systems Overviews Objectives Describe the structures and functions of the digestive system of ruminant animals Draw the structures of the digestive system of ruminant animals Label the structures of the digestive system of ruminant animals Digestion Digestion: Breaking down large, nutrient macromolecules into simpler molecules for use by an organism. Food enters the mouth and goes through mechanical and chemical changes as it passes through the alimentary canal. Types of Stomachs Simple Stomach Man, Pig Complex Stomach Cattle, Sheep, Goats Simple Stomach with enlarged ceacum Horses, Rabbits, Guinea Pigs Parts of Digestive Tract Mouth: initial opening of alimentary canal Salivary Glands secrete juices that contain enzymes to help break up the food Mastication chewing, crushing, preparing food for swallowing Parts of Digestive Tract Pharynx: funnel shaped muscle between mouth and esophagus part of digestive and respiratory tracts Esophagus: muscular tube connecting pharnyx to stomach muscle contractions move food down to stomach Parts of Digestive Tract Stomach: located between esophagus and small intestine Two basics types Simple Ruminant Parts of Digestive Tract Simple Stomach Humans, swine, rabbits and horses Divided into three regions cardiac fundus pylorus Simple Stomach Digestion: is mechanical, muscle contractions is chemical, enzymes soften and break down macromolecules of food enzymes are catalysts, they start the chemical reactions Simple Stomach Enzymes that break down food Gastric-break down proteins in stomach Liver and pancreatic-break down fats in small intestine Intestinal-break down carbohydrates and proteins in small intestine Parts of Digestion Tract Ruminant Stomach Sheep, Cows and Goats Occupies 3/4 of the abdominal cavity Four Components of Ruminant Stomach Rumen composes 80% of ruminant stomach in mature bovine animals and 30% in young animals Reticulum composes about 5% of bovine stomach prevents indigestibl