中考英语专题完型填空外研社知识精讲.docVIP

中考英语专题完型填空外研社 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 中考专题完型填空 二. 重难点讲解完形填空是对学生综合运用语言能力的考查，它的特点是：难度大，分值高，选项迷惑性强，既考查语言知识，又考查运用知识的能力。纵观最近2年的中考试卷，我们不难发现，完形填空命题的重心已经从过去的单纯考查语法、词汇和句型结构逐渐偏向对文章整体的理解、上下文的衔接以及逻辑推理等内容的考查上。完形填空一般篇幅在200～300字之间，设空10～15个，文章的首末两句一般不设空，体裁以记叙文为主，其次为科普类说明文，也有少部分议论文。文章的题材大多是幽默哲理故事、有时会涉及英美文化、环保、校园生活等。完形填空的设空重点是动词（约占1/3以上）、名词、形容词、副词、连词等。一完型填空解题步骤 完形填空解题一般分为以下三步： 1快速浏览全文，掌握文章大意 如果不先通读一遍就开始填空，会导致对文章信息缺乏整体了解。现在很多选项设计得都很巧妙，从语法角度看都能通过，但在上下文理解上就有很大差别，如果不了解作者意图和文章大意，填空就会很困难。但要注意快速浏览不是逐词阅读，只要有个大概的印象就可以了，不能在快速浏览这个阶段花费太多时间。2. 细读全文，根据上下文选择答案 掌握了文章大意后，应认真细读全文，利用上下文、语法知识、逻辑关系、指代关系、生活常识或背景知识等得出正确答案。当然，这一步说起来容易做起来难，与同学们平时的语法知识、语言点的积累很重要。同学们应当熟记一些如take, spend, cost, pay等易混单词的词义辨析和搭配，常用短语如 look（out, for, at, after, over, up）, take （care, off, after, up） 等的用法，以及重点句型结构如 not…until, though, as…as, …than…等。有时本句看不出该填什么，需要从下文寻找线索。3. 再读一遍进行复查 最后可能有些在第二步时不太确定的选项可以在此时仔细推敲一下，力求最大限度地得分。（不过同学们要注意，此时的检查最好是对个别选项的思考与修改，尽量不要将全文已选答案全盘推翻。） 下面我们就以2006年南京市中考完形填空题为例，仔细分析一下解题过程。（注：图中划圈处代表解题线索，箭头指向相应题次。）In 1608, an Englishman named Thomas Coryate travelled in Italy. He liked the country and 36 down everything interesting. But he found one thing 37 interesting than the others. In his diary he wrote: “ 38 the Italians eat meat, they use small forks. They do not eat with their hands because, as they say, people do not always have 39 hands.” Before he went back to England, Thomas Coryate bought a few 40 At home Thomas had a dinner party to show the forks to his friends. When the steak（牛排） was brought out, he took out a fork and wanted to 41 the steak as the Italians did in Italy. His friends were 42 when they saw this. He told them what the fork was. They all said that Italians were very strange people because the fork was not easy to use at all. Thomas Coryate tried to prove that his friends were 43 , so he began to show that it was easy to use the fork. But the first 44 of meat he took with the fork fell to the floor. His friends began to 45 at him and he had to take the fork away. People in England began to