迈克尔逊干涉仪实验与最佳测量区间的分析.docVIP

迈克尔逊干涉仪实验与最佳测量区间的分析 摘要：用迈克尔逊干涉仪能观察到等倾干涉、等厚干涉条纹和白光干涉的彩色条纹。产生等倾干涉与等厚干涉不仅与M1与之间的夹角有关，还受其间空气层厚度d的影响。在测He-Ne激光波长时，通过分析，在一定的测量区间内，测得的波长误差较小。本文主要对等倾干涉等厚干涉所遇到的现象、特点及仪器的调节图像的判断进行分析，接着分析白光干涉现象中央条纹的亮暗，最后对测波长的最佳区间分析，并经过实验得出最佳测量范围。 关键词：迈克尔逊干涉仪 等倾干涉 等厚干涉 白光干涉 最佳测量区间 Michelson interferometer experiment with the best measurement interval analysis Abstract: Such dumping intervention, uniform thickness interference, white stripe and color interference fringes as can be observed in the Michelson interferometer. Inclined to interfere in the formation and the thickness intervention with the M1 and the angle, which is also affected by the air layer thickness d effects. The He – Ne laser wavelength measurement, after analysis, in a certain interval measurement, the measurement error of wavelength is smaller. In this paper, such as the dumping of interference encountered thick interference phenomena, characteristics and the regulatory apparatus judgment image analysis then analyzes white interference fringes of the central-darkness, in the final test ,after the best wavelength interval analysis, we carry out some experiments and make out the best measurement range Key words: Michelson interferometer dumping intervention uniform thickness interference the white light interference best sampling interval 目 录 摘要................................................................................................................................1 关键词………………………………………………………………………………....1 引言……………………………………………………………………………………3 1光路及原理………………………………………………………………………….3 2等倾干涉与等厚干涉……………………………………………………………….4 2.1迈克尔逊干涉仪的调节与判断…………………………………………………..4 2.1.1迈克尔逊干涉仪的调整方法…………………………………………………...4 2.1.2迈克尔逊干涉仪的条纹判断…………………………………………………...4 2 .2. 等倾干涉条纹特点的分析……………………………………………………...5 2.3等厚干涉的形成及特点…………………………………………………………..7 2.4等厚干涉的界定…………………………………………………………………..7 3白光干涉…………………………………………………………………………….8 4测量激光器波长的最佳测量区间的分析………………………………...9 4.1原理及误差分析…………………………………………………………………..9 4.2最佳测量区间讨论…………………………………………………………