05蛋白质结构与功能s课件.pptVIP

作 业 1) 多肽链片段是在疏水还是亲水环境中更利于?-螺旋 的形成？为什么？ 2) 简述牛胰核糖核酸酶(RNase A)变性-复性经典 实验。该实验说明了什么问题？ 3) 维持蛋白质三维结构稳定的主要相互作用有哪些？ 分别涉及到蛋白质的哪些功能基团？ 4) 以Hb为例简述蛋白质结构与其功能之间的相互关系 5) 为什么生物体内的许多蛋白质以寡聚体形式存在？ 一、选择 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 11, 16, 21 二、填空 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 三、名词解释 4~15 四、判断 5, 11~13, 20, 21, 30, 31 五、简答与论述 4, 5, 8 复习题 p28~33: p38~41: 一、选择 1~3 二、填空 2, 5 三、名词解释 2, 4~9 四、判断 4, 7, 14 五、简答与论述 7 Prions are pathogenic variants of proteins that are naturally produced in nerve cells and certain other cells. They have been implicated in a variety of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, including sheep scrapie, mad cow disease, and human new-variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Normal, healthy prions are referred to as prion protein cellular (PrPc). In the illustration, the production of PrPc is shown from the nucleus (a). RNA that codes for PrPc is produced in the nucleus and exits via the nuclear pore. The RNA then passes along ribosomes attached to the rough endoplastic reticulum (rER). PrPc is formed in the rER and then progresses up through the Golgi complex. At the upper face of the Golgi, vesicles containing PrPc bud off and travel to the cell surface (b). There, they fuse with the cell membrane and so discharge their cargo (c). By this means, the cellular proteins come to sit on the exterior of the cell. In this illustration, PrPc particles encounter rogue prions, shown in purple (d). These are termed prion protein scrapie (PrPsc), for the prion disease of sheep. Such rogue prions seem to force normal proteins to change shape. Both types of protein—PrPc and its corresponding prions—are the same chemical, but in different shapes. Equivalent to the transmission of infection, such conformational shifting may take place at the cell surface or in caveolae (one is shown as a small invagination in the cell membrane). In such vesicles, residual PrPc may continue to be flipped by contact with rogue conformations for some time. Prions polymerize, finally appearing as pur