中国文化通览(第五课)section 1.pptVIP

Chapter Five Gems of the Chinese Culture Section 1 The Four Books and The Five Classics The Great Learning The Doctrine of the Mean The Confucian Analects The Works of Mencius Trigrams 易经六十四卦组合规律 四书五经\饥者歌其食，劳者歌其事\革故鼎新\仁者爱人\恻隐之心，人皆有之\民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻\ * The Four Books The Great Learning 1. written in the early Han Dynasty; in fact, an essay in The Book of Rites. 2. about the cultivation of one’s moral character and the wisdoms of governing a country ;it is a gateway to perfect virtue. 3. Expounded the aim of great learning: three guiding principles (to highlight the pure virtue; to help the public make progress on morality; to reach the highest moral realm) and eight entries( study the phenomena of nature; improve the understanding; sincerity; integrity; intellectual cultivation; keep your family in order; govern the state effectively and bring peace to the world.) The Doctrine of the Mean 1.Written in the early Han Dynasty; 2. another essay in The Book of Rites, a sister chapter to The Great Learning; 3. about the Confucian philosophy of life;zhongyong is the highest principle of the ways of life. 4. Zhong means neither too many nor too few，neither too much nor too little; Yong means neither outstanding nor common; 5. “Confucian Way of the Heart”: loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, and love are all part of human nature. However, not everyone can let nature take its course. Therefore, education is necessary to perfect them. If everyone makes strict demands on themselves, and does everything according to the Confucian rites, the society will go smoothly. 6. People should try to be sincere by cultivating themselves so as to follow the right way, the golden mean 博学之，审问之，慎思之，明辨之，笃行之。（第二十章） Learns it, interrogates it, cautious thinks it, clearly distinguishes it, sincere line of it The Confucian Analects(The Analects) 1. a collection of the sayings and teachings of Confucius and his disciples; 2. complied in the early Warring States Period, ove