专业英语参考答案.docVIP

4-1 I. Choose the answer into the blank according to the text: 1. indispensable 2. magnetic 3. primary . 4. time-varying 5. laminations. 6. leakage II. Translate the following into Chinese: 从发明起变压器可能就是最有用的电气设备之一。它能在一个交流电路中升高或降低电压或电流，它能使电路间隔离，它能升高或降低一个电容、电阻或电感元件的等效值。更进一步变压器能使我们进行远距离电能的安全传输、分配到家庭和工厂。 一次、二次绕组的匝数取决于它们的相对电压。高压绕组的匝数远大于低压绕组。另一方面，高压绕组的电流很小，可以使用小截面的导体。因此，一次绕组和二次绕组的用铜量大致相同。实际上，由于每匝更长导致外线圈更重。经常使用铝或者铜导体。 Ⅲ. Translate the following into English: 三、汉译英 The equivalent circuit already derived for the transformer with the secondary terminals open, can easily be extended to cover the loaded secondary by the addition of the secondary resistance and leakage reactance. Practically all transformers have a turns ratio different from unity although such an arrangement is sometimes employed for the purpose of electrically isolating one circuit from anther operating at the same voltage. 4-2 I. Choose the answer into the blank according to the text: 1. rotor. 2. flat-topped . 3. commutator 4. torque. 5. armature. 6. magnetic flux . II. Translate the following into Chinese: 我们随着对直流发电机的认识开始研究旋转电机。直流发电机的使用并不普遍，因为我们通常用的直流主要通过电子整流器产生。这些整流器不需要任何移动不需要任何移动能把交流系统的电流转换成直流。然而，对直流发电机的理解是重要的，因为通过它可以引入直流电动机的工作原理。实际上许多工业上的直流电动机主要运行作发电机。 商业直流发电机和电动机是用同一方法建成，因此，任何直流发电机能运行为一台电动机，反之亦然。由于它们相似的结构，发电机和电动机的基本特征相似。因此，我们学习的关于直流发电机的任何知识都可以应用于直流电动机。 Ⅲ. Translate the following into English: The stator of a DC machine has salient poles and is excited by one or more field coils. The air-gap flux distribution created by the field winding is symmetrical about the centerline of the field poles. This axis is called the field axis or direct axis. As we know, the AC voltage generated in each rotating armature coil is converted to DC in the external armature leads are connected. 4-3 I. Choose the answer into the blank according to the text: 1. versus 2. speed. 3. (1) The separately excited dc motor (2) The shunt dc motor 4. separate. 5. torque. 6. armature reaction. II. Translate the following