《大高考》高考英语一轮总复习课件：专题7　定语从句.ppt

关系代词或关系副词的选用，关键是看先行词与从句中动词的关系：先行词是否作从句中动词的宾语或主语；将先行词带入从句中是否需要添加介词。 1.(2013·四川，9)Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ________ they live. 答案　where　[本题考查定语从句引导词。先行词是environment为物(抽象地点)，而且定语从句中不缺少主语， live在此为不及物动词，故选where (＝in which)。] 2.Life is like a long race ________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. 答案　where　[句意：生活像长跑比赛，我们与其他人竞争以超越我们自己。先行词为race，代入定语从句后为：...we compete with others to go beyond ourselves in the long race.由此可见，race在定语从句中作状语，且表示地点，故用关系副词where。] 有些“动词＋介词”构成的固定短语，如look for, look after, call on等不能把介词提到关系代词前。 知识点三　“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 1.“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)，当介词放在关系代词前面时， 关系代词不能省略；反之，当介词位于定语从句的末尾时，可用that/which(指物)，that/who/whom(指人)作介词的宾语，作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。 This is the book for which you asked. (which不能省略)这是你所要的书。 This is the book which you asked for. (which可省略)这是你所要的书。 Is this the house in which Shakespeare was born? (which 不能省略)这是莎士比亚出生的房子吗？ He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.(which不能省略)他付小男孩10美元擦10个窗户，大多数窗户至少一年没有清理过了。 The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.(whom不能省略) 昨天你告诉我的那个绅士结果是个小偷。 2.“介词＋which/whom”中介词的确定分两种情况： (1)与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。 The man I talked about at the meeting is from America. ＝The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from America. 在会议中我谈到的那个人来自美国。 但下面这句中for不可以提前，因为look for是动词短语。 This is the person (whom/who/that) you are looking for. 这就是你找的那个人。 (2)与定语从句所修饰的先行词搭配。 He came to a farm, on which he finally settled. 他来到一个农场，最后在那里安了家。 3.“复合介词短语＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，常与先行词用逗号隔开，定语从句常用倒装语序。 He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tall tree. 他住在一个大房子里，房子的前面有一棵大树。 that用法真有趣，两个地方它不去；逗号后边它不去，介词之后不考虑。 1.I saw a woman running toward me in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ________ she had come. 答案　from which　[考查“介词＋关系代词”形式的定语从句。考生易受思维定式的影响，认为本题中的先行词为direction，通常与介词in搭配，表示“朝……方向”，进而误用in which。 句意：在黑暗中我看到一名女子向我跑来。还没有等我看清楚她是谁，她就沿着原来的方向跑回去了。根据句意，将先行词代入从句中应为she