初二英语(动词时态,语态讲解).doc

Step 1四种时态学习 1、四种时态的具体用法： （1）一般现在时 表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。 ① 一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often,usually,sometimes,always,every （dayonce/twice,a （week）, on （Sundaynever,in the （morningThey go to the Palace Museum once a year. / They often discuss business in the evening.（他们经常在晚上商谈生意） ② 表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。如：The earth turns round the sun./ Light travels faster than sound. ③ 表示十分确定会发生（如安排好的事情）或按照时间表进行的事情,用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。如：The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导）和条件状语从句中（以if,unless引导）,用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。如：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany. / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home. ⑤ 一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作,动词以come, go为主。如：Here comes the bus. / There goes the bell. ⑥ 一般现在时常用于体育比赛的解说或寓言故事中。Now the midfield player catches the ball and he keeps it. ⑦ 人的心理活动和感官动作一般用一般现在时而不用现在进行时表达,常见动词有：like, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think（认为）,understand, remember, forget, mean, need, hear, feel, see. 如：I think it is going to snow. / I really hope you can enjoy your stay here. （2）一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,这种动作或状态可能是一次性,也可能经常发生。 ① 表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有：at （eight） （yesterday morning）,（ten minutes） ago, whenI got up at 6：00 this morning. / Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning./ When he went into the room,he saw a stranger talking with his father.yesterday, last （year, in （1998 ）He came to our city in the year 2000. ③ 表示过去一个阶段中经常发生的事情时,时间状语有：last…, in…, from…to…, for（10 years）,often,usually, sometimes, always, neverMr Jackson usually went to evening schools when he was young. / Every day he went to the rich man and borrowed books from him. ④ 讲故事、对过去经历的回忆、双方都明白的过去事件等一般用过去时,而且经常省略时间状语。如：I happened to meet Rose in the street. （3）一般将来时 表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。 ① 一般将来时的时间状语有：tomorrow,this （afternoon）,next （year）,one day,now,soon, someday,sometime, in the future, whenwill构成的将来时,表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。“shall”用于第一人称,“will”用于所有人称。如：I will graduate from this school soon./ Y