高中名词性从句复习精讲及练习.docVIP

名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：①连接词that, whether, if②连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.③连接副词：when, where, how, why。 ★辨别下列名词性从句的类别： 1. How the book will sell depends on its author. 2. John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 3. The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 4. The fact that he has not been seen recently surprised everyone in his office. 5. He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S. 6. It is impossible that I go and attend the meeting. 一． 主语从句　 　主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. that引导主语从句时，常用it 作形式主语的常见句型 (1) It be +形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)+that从句 你们都通过了驾考真是太棒了。_________________________________________ (2) It be+名词（短语）（a pity/a shame/a surprise等）+that从句 你错过了这么精彩的演讲真遗憾。_______________________________________ (3) It be +过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)+that从句 据建议实验楼将于明年修建。____________________________________________ (4) It +不及物动词(seems/appears/happens/occurs/等)+that从句 好像他们犯了同样的错误。______________________________________________ 2. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 that在名词性从句不作成分，无意义，但不能省略；而what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，例如： a) What you said yesterday is right. b) That she is still alive is amazing. 翻译：(1)他会来是肯定的。 (2)哪个队会赢得比赛与我无关。 (3) 使我最吃惊的是看见一个人在那里吸烟。 二． 宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后，即动宾、介宾。 1. ① that引导宾语从句，在句子不作成分，无意义，可以省略： 他说他已经读完这部小说。He said (that) he had finished reading this novel. 她对我说她会接受我的邀请。She told me that she would accept my invitation.　 注：并列第二个以上的宾语从句，第二个开始的that不能省略. He said (that) he had finished reading this novel and that he would borrow another one. ②常用it作形式宾语： “6123”结构：6个动词( find/ feel/ consider/think/make/ believe)+1个 it+2个(形容词/名词)+3结构（to do/doing/that从句） I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. I consider it possible that he is ill. ③that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convince