英语语法之主谓一致.docVIP

主谓一致 在一般现在时中，若主语是单数第三人称，谓语动词则要加-s或-es, 具体变化同名词的单数变复数。如： He goes to school at 8 every morning. 不说：He go…. 单数第三人称作主语的词包括： 单数人称代词：he, she, it 不定代词：each, everyone 人名：John, Bill Gates等。 普通单数名词：my brother, English等。 2）单数动词的变化有：be—is; have—has; 其他动词在词尾加-s或-es, 具体变化同名词的单数变复数，work—works, study--studies。 若主语是单数第一、第二人称或复数，则谓语动词永原形，不需要加-s或-es.常见的这样的主语有：单数人称代词：I, you 复数人称代词：we, you, they 复数名词：students, books等。 在助动词或情态动词后面，直接接动词原型。 a. She can sing in English. b. He goes to school early. / He doesn’t go to school early. There be 句型的主谓一致。研究下列句子： There is a book on the desk. There are two books on the desk. There be 句型是一倒装结构，因此谓语动词的单复数要与be动词后面的名词一致。 “数量词+名词”结构的主谓一致 只与可数名词连用 只接单数的 One Each every One boy Each boy Every boy 单数谓语 Every boy is smart. Every boy has a gift. Every boy studies hard. 只接复数的 Two, three, etc. Both A couple of A few Few Several Many A number of Two boys Both boys A couple of boys A few boys Few boys Several boys Many boys A number of boys 复数谓语 Many boys are smart. Many boys have a gift. Many boys study hard. 只与不可数名词连用 A little Little Much A great deal of A large amount of A little water Little water Much water A great deal of water A large amount of water 单数谓语 Much water is clean. Much water has bacteria. 与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用均可 Not any Some A lot of Lots of Plenty of Most all Not any boys, not any water Some boys, some water A lot of boys, a lot of water Lots of boys, lots of water Plenty of boys, plenty of water Most boys, most water All boys, all water 接可数复数名词时用复数谓语；接不可数名词时用单数谓语。 Some water is clean. Some boys are smart. 在上述数量词中，有些还可以接of 短语连用。具体用法如下： All/most/some/any of + 特指限定词+复数可数或不可数名词 Most of my/these/the/John’s books are interesting. Most of the information is useless. Many/a few/few/several/both/two/three/of +特指限定词+复数可数名词 Many of these students are good at English. 总的规则： 接可数复数名词时用复数谓语；接不可数名词时用单数谓语。 Much/a little/little of +特指限定词+不可数名词 Much of the water is wasted One of Each of + 特指限定词+复数可数名词+单数谓语 Every one