[相变热力学基础-第5章.ppt

纯组元的液态摩尔自由能0GiL可以用固态的摩尔自由能0Giα和熔化焓ΔHm表示: 当温度处于熔点TA附近时， 可以认为: 5.2 固-液两相平衡 * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 在与B组元熔点TB温度相差不多时: 5.2 固-液两相平衡 * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 5.2 固-液两相平衡 * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 5.2 固-液两相平衡 * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 理想溶体二元匀晶相图的计算 1953年 Thurmond 5.2 固-液两相平衡 * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. T2 * 液固平衡应用举例：区域熔炼技术 高纯Ge、Si半导体材料提纯原理 由A、B组成二元体系，B为杂质，其中由液相L和固相?组成，杂质分配比 A B T1 5.2 固-液两相平衡 ? L Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 5.3 溶解度曲线 solidus 固相线 solvus 固溶线 溶解度(Solubility)：溶体相在与第二相平衡时的溶体成分（浓度）。固溶体在与第二相平衡时的浓度也称为固溶度 溶解度曲线：指溶解度与温度的关系曲线 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 固溶体在与第二相平衡时的浓度也称为固溶度 第二相有两种情况： 纯组元，包括端际固溶体 中间相，主要是中间化合物 5.3 溶解度曲线 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 典型材料： 5.3.1 第二相为纯组元时的溶解度 钢铁材料(Fe-C合金): 石墨态碳在 铁中的溶解度 金属系中的Fe-Cu、Al-Si、Al-Zn、AI-Ge、Cu-Ag、Cu-B、Cu-Mo、Cu-Nb、Cu-Ta、Cu-V等 无机非金属系中的MgO-CaO等 5.3 溶解度曲线 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 以A为溶剂，以B为溶质的溶体相A(B)中第二相是纯组元B，即B中不溶解组元A。 α相: 固溶体相A(B) β相: 组元B(与固溶体A(B)结构不同) α+β两相平衡 5.3 溶解度曲线 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 溶解度与热力学参数之间的关系： 温度无关的熵因子K (Entropy factor) 5.3 溶解度曲线 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2