ppt课件-chapter18心血管系统(解剖)——教师（ chapter18 cardiovascular system( anatomy)- faculty）.pptVIP

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ppt课件-chapter18心血管系统(解剖)——教师（ chapter18 cardiovascular system( anatomy)- faculty）.ppt

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Chapter 18, Cardiovascular System Chapter 18, Cardiovascular System 18 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart Anatomy Heart Anatomy Approximately the size of your fist Location Superior surface of diaphragm Left of the midline Anterior to the vertebral column, posterior to the sternum Heart Anatomy Coverings of the Heart: Anatomy Pericardium – a double-walled sac around the heart composed of: A superficial fibrous pericardium A deep two-layer serous pericardium The parietal layer lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium The visceral layer or epicardium lines the surface of the heart They are separated by the fluid-filled pericardial cavity Coverings of the Heart: Physiology The Function of the Pericardium: Protects and anchors the heart Prevents overfilling of the heart with blood Allows for the heart to work in a relatively friction-free environment Pericardial Layers of the Heart Heart Wall Epicardium – visceral layer of the serous pericardium Myocardium – cardiac muscle layer forming the bulk of the heart Fibrous skeleton of the heart – crisscrossing, interlacing layer of connective tissue Endocardium – endothelial layer of the inner myocardial surface External Heart: Major Vessels of the Heart (Anterior View) Vessels returning blood to the heart include: Superior and inferior venae cavae Right and left pulmonary veins Vessels conveying blood away from the heart include: Pulmonary trunk, which splits into right and left pulmonary arteries Ascending aorta (three branches) – Brachiocephalic Left common carotid Subclavian arteries External Heart: Vessels that Supply/Drain the Heart (Anterior View) Arteries – right and left coronary (in atrioventricular groove), marginal, circumflex, and anterior interventricular arteries Veins – small cardiac, anterior cardiac, and great cardiac veins External Heart: Anterior View External Heart: Major Vessels of the Heart (Posterior View) Vessels returning blood to the heart include: Right and left pulmonary veins Supe