hydrogen indicating sensors（氢指示传感器）.docVIP

Novel Wide-Area Hydrogen Sensing Technology Hoagland, W.1, Benson, D. K.2, and Smith, R. D.3 1 Element One, Inc., 7253 Siena, Way, Boulder, Colorado 80301, USA, whoagland@ 2 Element One, Inc., 7253 Siena, Way, Boulder, Colorado 80301, USA, dkbenson@ 3 Element One, Inc., 7253 Siena, Way, Boulder, Colorado 80301, USA, rdsmith@ ABSTRACT Element One, Inc. is developing novel indicators for hydrogen gas for applications as a complement to conventional electronic hydrogen sensors, or as a low-cost alternative in situations where an electronic signal is not needed. The indicator consists of a thin film coating or a pigment of a transition metal oxide such as tungsten oxide or molybdenum oxide with a catalyst such as platinum or palladium. The oxide is partially reduced in the presence of hydrogen in concentrations as low as 300 parts per million and changes from transparent to a dark color. The color change is fast and easily seen from a distance. In air, the color change reverses quickly when the source of hydrogen gas is removed in the case of tungsten oxide or is nearly irreversible in the case of molybdenum oxide. A number of possible implementations have been successfully demonstrated in the laboratory including hydrogen indicating paints, tape, cautionary decals, and coatings for hydrogen storage tanks. These and other implementations may find use in vehicles, stationary appliances, piping, refueling stations and in closed spaces such as maintenance and residential garages for hydrogen-fueled vehicles. The partially reduced transition metal oxide becomes semi conductive and increases its electrical conductivity by several orders of magnitude when exposed to hydrogen. The integration of this electrical resistance sensor with an RFID tag may extend the ability of these sensors to record and transmit a history of the presence or absence of leaked hydrogen over long distances. Over long periods of exposure to the atmosphere, the indicator’s response may slow due