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guidelline template- sjfartsverket（guidelline模板sjfartsverket）.doc

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guidelline template- sjfartsverket（guidelline模板sjfartsverket）

Document Revisions Revisions to the IALA Document are to be noted in the table prior to the issue of a revised document. Date Page / Section Revised Requirement for Revision all Developing guideline in EEP 17 Intersessional working group for EEP18 Working paper from EEP 18 Table of Contents 1 Introduction 5 2 SCOPE 5 3 Definitions 5 4 Basic Principles 6 4.1 Degrees of Perception 6 4.2 Information Process 6 4.3 Purpose 7 5 Daymark – the source of the information 8 5.1 Profile 8 5.1.1 Flat daymark 8 5.1.2 Compact daymark 9 5.1.3 Crossed plates 9 5.1.4 Lattice construction 10 5.2 Luminance of the object 11 5.3 Surface Colour 11 5.3.1 Aging of colour 13 5.3.2 Retroreflective sheeting 13 5.4 Size 13 5.5 Combination of colours 14 6 Viewing Conditions 15 6.1 Viewing Distance 15 6.2 Meteorological Visibilty 16 6.3 Koschmieders law 16 6.4 Background 18 6.4.1 Sky as the background 19 6.4.2 Watersurface as background 20 6.4.3 Landscape as background 20 7 Observer – the receiver of the information 21 7.1 Simple model of the human eye 21 7.2 Eye resolution and subtense angles 22 7.3 Non-uniform daymarks 22 7.4 Shape recognition 23 7.5 Required contrast 25 7.6 Blaise Theory 25 7.7 Colour recognition 26 8 DESIGN OF DAymarKS 26 8.1 Floating Aids 26 8.1.1 3-dimensional Profile 27 8.1.2 Colour 27 8.1.3 Size of single coloured buoys 27 8.1.4 Cardinal-buoys 27 8.1.5 Safe water and new-danger marks 29 8.1.6 Structural obstructions 29 8.1.7 Buoy shape 31 8.1.8 Topmarks 32 8.2 Fixed aids 33 8.2.1 Traditional light houses 34 8.2.2 Additional tools for buildings used as daymarks 36 8.2.3 Dayboard of leading lines 37 8.2.4 Marking of bridges 38 8.2.5 Design of signs 38 8.2.6 Canadian daymarks 39 8.3 General Design Methodology 40 8.4 Additional information and advices (Super Structures) 42 9 Factors that reduce visual range 44 9.1 Factors that reduce detection 44 9.2 Service factors 45 9.3 Environmental limitations 45 Index of Tables Index of Figures Daymarks for A