浅谈手足口病的流行病学调查分析和防控措施.docVIP

浅谈手足口病的流行病学调查分析和防控措施 　　 　　【论文关键词】手足口病;流行病学调查分析;防控措施 　　【论文摘要】目的:探讨手足口病的流行特点、防治措施。方法:对17例手足口病患儿进行细致观察治疗、流调分析及实施相关的防控措施。结果:本组患儿经积极治疗护理均痊愈出院,无并发症发生。防控措施得当,属地范围内无手足口病的爆发流行。结论:手足口病是数种肠道病毒经多种途径传染的消化道传染病,以手、足皮肤疱疹和口腔粘膜溃疡为主要特征。做好有效的防控措施早发现、早治疗,其预防、治疗和控制传染病所收到的预期效果是非常优良的。 　　 　　 　　Hand, foot and mouth disease epidemiological analysis and prevention and control measures 　　 　　【Abstract】 Objective: To explore the hands, feet, mouth epidemic characteristics, prevention and control measures. Methods: 17 cases of hand, foot and mouth and careful observation of patient abuse to investigate the treatment of epidemic analysis and implementation of relevant prevention and control measures. Results: After active treatment and care of children were cured and discharged without complications. Control measures to prevent the proper territorial scope of non-hand-foot-mouth disease outbreak. Conclusion: The hand, foot and mouth disease is the number of species of intestinal virus infection by a variety of ways of digestive tract diseases, hand, foot skin ulcers herpes and oral mucosa characterized. More effective prevention and control measures are entirely possible, and early treatment of early detection and its prevention, treatment and control of communicable diseases received the expected results are very good. 　　【Keywords】Hand,foot and mouth disease;Epidemiologicalsurveyanalysis, Prevention and control measures 　　 　　1临床资料 　　 　　1.1一般资料本组17例患儿,男8例,女?9例,年龄最小(22个月),最大(7岁),平均年龄3岁。发病1-4天入院,发烧者4例,手、足、口均出现皮疹者17例,臀部皮疹者7例。 　　1.2临床特征患儿多为突然发病,约1/4患儿出现发热,常以手足口皮疹为首诊,先是呈现玫瑰红斑疹或斑丘疹,一天后有部分皮疹形成疱疹,皮疹呈离心性分部,主要见于手指、足趾掌面,指甲周围及足趾边缘,臀部皮疹多见于2岁以下患儿。疱疹呈卵圆形,单房性直径多在2-5mm,未见有破溃,无继发感染,2-4天皮疹含微混浆液吸收干燥,脱痂不留疤痕。不痛、不痒、不结痂、不结疤。口腔疱疹破溃出现浅溃疡,底部呈灰黄色,周围有红晕,多在口腔两颊粘膜、舌边、软腭。病程在5-7天,均无神经系统并发症或心肌炎。病理反射体征均未引出。生理体征正常。 　　1.3治疗原则抗病毒治疗抗感染、对症治疗、支持疗法、隔离治疗护理。通常用喜炎平或病毒唑或炎琥宁或阿昔洛韦等加5%葡萄糖或0.9%生理盐水静脉点滴。水溶性维生素等加5%葡萄糖或0.9%生理盐水静脉点滴。个别患儿给予大青叶合剂5ml,Bid口服或抗病毒口服液5ml,Bid口服,一般疗程5-7天。给予患儿二级护理。治疗护理效果好,无并发症发生。 　　1.4流行病学调查分析 　　1.4.1病原学手足口病是