《常用句型惯用法及t用法.docVIP

常用句型，惯用法及it用法 161 核心提示：一、it用作代词，代替前面提到过的人或事。二、it可用来指天气、时间、距离、自然环境等。三、it可用来指说话双方都知道的事物。四、it可用来指整个句子所表达的意思。五、it用作形式主语，代替句子后面的真正主语 ── 不定式、动名词或that从句。六、it用在find，feel，think，consider，make，take等动词之后，作形式宾语，代替后面的真正的宾语──不定式、动名词或that从句。七、掌握it在强调句型中的用法八、it 用于习语中。 一、it用作代词，代替前面提到过的人或事。如： 　　－Is the baby a boy or a girl?　　－It’s a boy. (it指上文提到的baby)　　The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but it didn’t help.(it指上文叙述的事)　　注意：it, that, one都可用来代替前面提到的人或事，但这三个代词之间有不同之处：　　it用来代替前面提到的可数名词，并且it所指的是事物本身；that用来代替不可数名词，指的是前面提到的名词中的同一类事物；one则用来代替前面出现过的可数名词，并且是指这类事物中的一个。如：　　I can’t find my pen anywhere. I must have lost it. (it指前面的pen本身)　　Life today is much better than that in the old days. (that指代前面提到的life)　　I can’t find my pen. I’m going to buy one. (one指前面的pen这类事物中的一个)二、it可用来指天气、时间、距离、自然环境等。如：　　It was very cold in Beijing in winter.（it指天气）　　What a long way it is from Beijing to London! （it指距离）　　It was too late and I had to leave for home.（it指时间）　　It was quiet in the school at night.（it指自然环境）三、it可用来指说话双方都知道的事物。如：Where does it hurt?　　还可用来指人，特别是不知对方的性别时。如：Whose baby is it? It’s very lovely.四、it可用来指整个句子所表达的意思。如：　　She failed the examination and it made her parents worried. 五、it用作形式主语，代替句子后面的真正主语 ── 不定式、动名词或that从句。如：　　It’s necessary for us to tell him all about that.　　It is no use doing that again.　　It is important that students should learn their lessons well.六、it用在find，feel，think，consider，make，take等动词之后，作形式宾语，代替后面的真正的宾语──不定式、动名词或that从句。如：　　We all think it important to learn English well.　　We all feel it necessary that students should obey school rules.??? 七、掌握it在强调句型中的用法：　　it用于强调句型“It is (was) ... that / who …”中。这个句型可以对句子中除谓语外的任何一个成分进行强调。it用于强调句型时，应注意对以下几个方面的把握：　　1．强调时间状语时，不要将强调句型与“It is ... since / before ...”句型混淆了。强调句型有以下两个典型的特征：1）it不表示具体内容；2）被强调部分是时间或地点状语时，通常在表示时间或地点的名词前面有一个介词。而在“It is ... since / before”句型中，it表示时间。试比较：It is five years since he left home. (it表示时间)It was at five o’clock yesterday afternoon that he returned home from Beiji