英语词汇学笔记整理分析.doc

英语词汇学笔记整理 Part 1 前缀(Prefixes) 1.???? Negative prefixes a-;an-缺少、缺乏 amoral(缺德)?? asexual(雌雄同体的)? asymmetry(不均匀的) anarchy(无政府的) dis-否、不 dishonest non-非、否 non-black(非黑人区的)? non-science? non-smoker nonresistant(非抵抗) in-；i-；im-；ir- complete——incomplete?? correct——incorrect 小结：清辅音[k],[f],[t]前的前缀加in-;唇音之前加im-;“l”前加il-;“r”前加ir-。所以加什么样的前缀由单词的首字母决定。 un-不 unhappy unfriendly? infamous 2.???? Pejorative prefixes 表贬义 mal-不好的，坏的 maltreat(虐待)? malformed(畸形的)? malnutrition(营养不良的)? malfunction(功能紊乱) mis-错误的 misdial(拨错号)?? misleading(误导)? misbehaved(行为不规范)? misconception(错误的认知) pseudo-错，假的 pseudoscience(伪科学)? pseudo teaching(实习) 3.???? Reversative prefixes 表逆转的前缀 de- defrost(除霜)? deplane(下飞机)? deindustrialization(非工业化的)? decode(解码) dis- 表示动作的逆转 disconnect(切断)? dishearten(泄气)? disown(抛弃) 4.???? Prefixes of degree or size arch- means “most”\”supreme”常带有贬义 archenemy? archbishop(红衣大主教)? arch monetarist(拜金主义者) co- “joint” or “equally” coexistence(共存的)? combine? colleague? correspondence(通信联系) 小结：co-这个前缀根据所跟单词的首字母而发生变化 在元音前加co-；-b\-p之前用com-;-l之前用col-;-f\-c\-g前用con-;-r之前用cor- ??? ?hyper-means “extreme” ???? hyperactive(过于活跃的)? hyper cautious(过分小心的) ???? mini-means “little” ???? minibus?? miniskirt?? ministered? minimal ??? ?maxi-means “big” ???? maxi coat? maxi skirt ??? ?out-means “surpassing”,程度多，超过 ???? outclass(优质的)?? outlive(长寿的)? outgrow ??? ?over-means “excessive” 相当的，带贬义 ???? overeat? overweight? overestimate(高估)? overwork? overjoyed(欣喜若狂的)? overflow(溢出) ???? sub- 亚，次的 ???? subculture(亚文化)? subtext(潜台词)? subconscious(潜意识) ???? subsonic(低音速) ? ?super- 超级 ?? supernatural(超自然的)? superman? ? ?sur- means “over and above” 超 ?? surcharge(额外收费)? surtax(附加税)? surreal(超现实) ?? ultra- 相当，非常 ?? ultramodern? ultraconservative(非常保守的)? ultrasonic(超音速) ?? ultraviolet(紫外线) ?? under- 低于 ?? undercharged? underestimate(低估) 5.???? Prefixes of orientation and attitude anti- means “against” 反…… anticlockwise(逆时针)?? anti-aging(抗衰老的)? antibacterial(抗菌的)? antineutron(反中子) contra- means “opposite”, “contrasti