ThePhysicalLayer.ppt

CHAPTER 2 THE PHYSICAL LAYER (物理层) The Theoretical Basis for Data Communication Guided Transmission Media (Terrestrial) Wireless Transmission (Terrestrial) Communication Satellites (Celestial) The Public Switched Telephone Network (Stationary) The Mobile Telephone System (Mobile) Cable Television (Stationary) THE THEORETICAL BASIS FOR DATA COMMUNICATION (数据通信的基本理论) Fourier analysis（傅立叶分析） Bandwidth-limited signals（有限带宽信号） Maximum data rate of a channel（信道的最大数据传送速率） The theoretical basis for data communication Fourier Analysis Any reasonably behaved periodic function（周期函数） can be reconstructed by summing a (possibly infinite) number of sins and cosines. Such a decomposition is called Fourier series(傅立叶级数). A data signal that has a finite duration (which all of them do) can be handled by just imagining that it repeats the entire pattern over and over forever. The theoretical basis for data communication Bandwidth-Limited Signals Input ? System (transmission, filtering) ? output Bandwidth (带宽) for systems The range of frequencies transmitted without being strongly attenuated The cutoff frequency is not really sharp, is defined as the frequency at which half the power gets through. Any signal (bandwidth-limited or unlimited) ? system (filtering) ? bandwidth-limited signal (in time domain, convolution; In frequency domain, multiplication) The theoretical basis for data communication Bandwidth-Limited Signals A binary signal and its root-mean-square Fourier amplitudes. (b) – (c) Successive approximations to the original signal. The theoretical basis for data communication Bandwidth-Limited Signals (d) – (e) Successive approximations to the original signal. The theoretical basis for data communication Bandwidth-Limited Signals The time required to transmit the character depends on both the encoding method and the signaling speed. The number of changes per second is measured in baud(波特). Given a bit rate b bits/sec, ?the time to send 1 bit