凝血酶与肿瘤转移.docVIP

凝血酶与肿瘤转移 nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; 作者：孟宇宏,虞积耀,陆应麟 【摘要】nbsp; 　　凝血酶是一种多功能丝氨酸蛋白酶，在体内一系列生理和病理过程中起重要作用。它不但参与止血和凝血、炎症、免疫反应、组织修复和创伤愈合，而且可激活正常细胞的致瘤潜能和导致恶性细胞的转移表型。凝血酶是肿瘤细胞的促有丝分裂剂，能够增强肿瘤细胞对细胞因子的增殖反应，增强肿瘤细胞对血小板的黏附及体外细胞基质的侵袭，促进肿瘤血管形成和肿瘤微环境的组织重建。凝血酶受体家族 PARs介导凝血酶的细胞生物学效应。凝血酶对肿瘤细胞生长具有双向调控作用，低浓度者促进生长，高浓度者抑制生长，甚至导致肿瘤细胞凋亡。本文就凝血酶的生物学功能、凝血酶与肿瘤及凝血酶受体等进行综述。 【关键词】nbsp; 凝血酶　肿瘤；肿瘤转移 　　Thrombin and Tumor Metastasis ——Review nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Abstractnbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Thrombin is a multifunctional serine protease that plays a key role in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. In addition to the role in hemostasis and coagulation, thrombin hasnbsp; other numerous biological activities affecting inflammation, immune responses, tissue repair and wound healing. Apart from its physiological role thrombinnbsp; activates the oncogenic potential of both normal and malignant cells andnbsp; leads a metastatic phenotype. It is a potent mitogen for many tumor cells. It potentiates the proliferative response of tumor cells to some growth factors, increases the adhesive propertiesnbsp; to the plateletsnbsp;nbsp; and invasion processes of tumor cells to thenbsp; extracellular matrix,nbsp; enhances the metastatic capacity of tumor cells，activates angiogenesisnbsp; andnbsp; remodelsnbsp; the microenvironment of the tumor. The cellular biological effects of thrombin are mediated at least in part by a new subfamily of Gproteincoupled receptors designated proteinaseactivited receptors（PARs）. Thrombin has a bilateralnbsp; effect on tumor cells:enhanced growth at low concentration, impairednbsp; growth/apoptosis at higher concentration. In this papers, the biological function of thrombin, thrombin and tumors, and thrombin receptors etc were reviewed. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Key wordsnbsp;nbsp;nbsp; thrombin； tumor ；metastasis nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; 侵袭和转移是恶性肿瘤的基本生物学特征，也是肿瘤患者死亡的主要原因。肿瘤的侵袭和转移是肿瘤细胞、宿主细胞和组织微环境之间一系列复杂、多步骤、多因素、多功能的相互作用的序贯连续过程。此过程涉及到多种成分（肿瘤细胞、宿主细胞、细胞外基质）、多