高电压技术教学课件作者吴广宁9.1课件.pptVIP

9.1 切断空载线路过电压 Cutting off no-load lines over-voltage 切除空载线路是电网中常见操作之一，在切空载线路的过程中，虽然断路器切断的是几十安到几百安的电容电流，比短路电流小的多，但如果使用的断路器灭弧能力不强，在切断这种电容电流时就可能出现电弧的重燃，从而引起电磁振荡，造成过电压。 Cutting off no-load lines is one of the common operations in power grid. In the process of cutting load line, although the circuit breaker cuts off the tens to hundreds ampere of capacitive current which is smaller than the short-circuit current, the arc may re-ignite, which causes electromagnetic vibration, resulting in over-voltage if the circuit breaker’s capability to eliminate arc is not strong. 9.1.1 产生原理 9.1.1 Generation theory 9.1.2 影响因素和降压措施 9.1.2 Influencing factors and reduce voltage measures 本节内容 Contents in this section 用单相集中参数的简化等效电路来分析，如图9-1，S断开之前线路电压UC(t)=e(t),设第一次熄弧（设时间为t1）发生断路器的工频电容电流ic(t)过零时，如图9-2，线路上电荷无处泄放，uc(t)保留为Em，触头间电压ur(t)为: 9.1.1 产生原理 9.1.1 Generation theory Single-phase lumped parameter circuit shown in figure 9-1 is used as the simplified equivalent circuit to analyze. Before S is disconnected line voltage UC(t)=e(t). Suppose the first arc extinction (the time is t1) occurs when circuit breaker power frequency capacitive current ic(t) showed in figure 9-2 crosses zero. The charge in the line has no place to discharge , so uc(t) remains equaling Em . Contact voltage ur(t) is : Ur(t)=e(t)-Em=Em(coswt-1) (9-1) 图9-1 切除空载线路时的等值计算电路图Fig9-1 Equivalent calculation circuit diagram when cutting off the no-load lines 图9-2 切除空载线路过电压的发展过程 Fig9-2 Over-voltage development of cutting off no-load lines Half cycle later, e(t)=-Em. The voltage between two contacts recovers to 2Em . At the moment if dielectric insulation strength between the contacts has not been properly restored, or the strength of insulation recovery does not rise fast enough, the arc may re-ignite when t2 , which is equivalent to an anti-polarity reclosing. 半周期后，e(t)=-Em，两触头间电压即恢复电压2Em。此时若触头间的介质绝缘强度没有很好