《非谓语动词分词,动名词,不定式,过去分词比较讲义1.docVIP

非谓语动词 所能充当的成分 主语 表语 宾语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 V-ing形式 现在分词 动名词 不定式（to do） 过去分词(done) 一 主语 （一） To know oneself is difficult. Learning without practice is not good. Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffering. It’s important to master a foreign language. It seemed a pity to have wasted so much time. Its a waste of time arguing about it. 动词原形是不能作主语的。动词作主语时，如果侧重于表示经常性，在动词后面加ing构成动名词来做主语；如果侧重于表示将来特定的某一次，则用动词不定式来做主语。Playing basketball is my favorite sport. (“打篮球”指经常性，因此用动名词。) To go to a key college is his dream. (“上名牌大学”指特定的将来的某一次，用不定式) 有时为了对称，主语，宾语（或表语）要么都用不定时，要么都用动名词。 Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. （二）用it作形式主语 （1）It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us It is no use doing sth. It is fun It is useless It is no good It is nice It is a waste of time It is a pleasure (2)It is/was +adj.+(of sb.) to do…, kind, cruel, nice, good ,foolish, silly, stupid, wise, clever, brave, selfish, crazy, careless, rude, impolite, wrong, grateful, generous, considerate, thoughtful (3)It is +adj.+(for sb.)+to do… It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary… (4) It is +a/an +名词+ to do... It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do (5)It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do… (6)It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do… ___ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk 1._______ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.A. Exposed B. having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed 2.To answer correctly is more important than _____.A. that you finish quickly B. finishing quickly C. to finish quickly D. finish quickly 3.__________ now seems impossible.A. Saving money B. To save money C. Being saved money D. To be saved money 4.He told us whether _________ a picnic was still under discussion A. t