ppt课件-conformationalanalysis-lasalleuniversity.pptVIP

Conformational Analysis Newman Projections Ring Strain Cyclohexane Conformations Views of Ethane The Newman Projection Rotational Conformations of Ethane Definitions Conformations - Different spatial arrangments that a molecule can adopt due to rotation about sigma bonds. Staggered - A low energy conformation where the bonds on adjacent atoms bisect each other (60o dihedral angle), maximizing the separation. Eclipsed - A high energy conformation where the bonds on adjacent atoms are aligned with each other (0o dihedral angle). 60o Rotation Causes Torsional or Eclipsing Strain Types of Strain Steric - Destabilization due to the repulsion between the electron clouds of atoms or groups. Groups try to occupy some common space. Torsional - Destabilization due to the repulsion between pairs of bonds caused by the electrostatic repulsion of the electrons in the bonds. Groups are eclipsed. Angle - Destabilisation due to distortion of a bond angle from its optimum value caused by the electrostatic repulsion of the electrons in the bonds. e.g. cyclopropane Definitions Anti - Description given to two substitutents attached to adjacent atoms when their bonds are at 180o with respect to each other. Syn - Description given to two substitutents attached to adjacent atoms when their bonds are at 0o with respect to each other. Gauche - Description given to two substitutents attached to adjacent atoms when their bonds are at 60o with respect to each other. Propane Conformations: Larger Barrier to Rotation (link) Butane Conformations (C2-C3) Gauche Interaction in Butane 2 Different Eclipsed Conformations Strain Energy can be Quantified Butane has Steric and Torsional Strain When Eclipsed PE Diagram for Butane (link) 1-Chloropropane Saturated Cyclic Compounds CyclopropaneAngle and Torsional Strain Electron Density Map All Dihedral Angles = 0o Cyclobutane is not Planar Cyclopentane Cyclohexane Chair Conformation link to active site Boat Conformation How to Draw a Ch