ppt课件-laotzu(6thcenturybc)andthe-universityofmissouri-st.pptVIP

ppt课件-laotzu(6thcenturybc)andthe-universityofmissouri-st.ppt

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ppt课件-laotzu(6thcenturybc)andthe-universityofmissouri-st

Lao Tzu* (6th century BC?) and the Dao De Jing (Dow Duh Jing) According to tradition, Lao Tzu (“The Old Boy”) was born in 604 BC in the Chu Province, had a long career as the royal historian-librarian-archivist in the Chou capital of Lo-yang, (after becoming disillusioned as a result of the increasing decline of the Chou dynasty) left China for Tibet or India late in the 6th (or perhaps early in the 5th) century BC. Before leaving, however, he recorded his philosophical insights in a short book, the Dao De Jing (also known as the Lao Tzu), which is one of the foundational classics of “Philosophical Daoism.” A second major primary source of Philosophical Daoism is The Book of Chuang Tzu, by Chuang Tzu (also known as Chuang Chou, Zhuang-Zi) (c. 369-286 BC) Daoism is both a philosophy a religion. Leading ideas in Daoist thought Vision of Reality (metaphysics) Ontology/Cosmology The DAO Chi (ChI, Qi) De Yin/Yang The natural order (the universe all things in it) Theology - gods spirits Anthropology - human nature the human predicament Values: Ethics Political Philosophy Chi (Chi, Qi) Primordial, arises from the Dao Vital matter and energy All things (other than Dao and Chi itself) composed of Chi – the basic stuff substance of nature De (“Duh”) “denotes a moral power or virtue characteristic of a person who follows the correct course of conduct . . . . [In Daoism], te is the virtue or power that one acquires through being in accord with the tao, what one ‘gets’ from the tao.” (Burton Watson) The cosmos (universe, nature) is an ever-changing expression blend of Yin and Yang, full of the power (De) of the DAO. The DAO is the highest reality. It is the Ground of Being; but it is not “God” or “a god.” It is the absolutely transcendent and incomprehensible Source of the natural world (the universe). The DAO is beyond sensation, beyond thought, beyond imagination, beyond words, etc. It is knowable only through direct mystical experience or intuition. Gods, good s

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