ppt课件-materialused-marinestudy.pptVIP

SHIPBUILDING INTRODUCTION There is a wide range of materials used in shipbuilding comprising ferrous metals, non- ferrous metals, plastics, GRP (Glass Reinforced Plastics/ fiber glass) and wood. The most widely used material in ship building remains steel especially plan carbon or mild steel approximately 90%. Properties of Steel Good metallurgical properties – to overcome Brittle fracture and fatigue Reasonable good mechanical properties Low carbon steel (mild steel) have tensile strength of 400 to 490 MN/m2 and Yield strength of 235 MN/m2, and elongation of 15 to 20 % Susceptibility ease to join process by welding with good control over weld defects Cont- Reasonable cost Reasonably ease to cast Ability to be heat treated. Alloy elements can also be use to change the character of steel: - Carbon (0.18% to 0.28%) increases hardness and strength but reduces ductility. - Manganese (0.6% to 15%) increase tensile strength, ductility and notch toughness - Silicon ( 0.5%) increase hardness and tensile strength without making welding difficult. - Sulphur (0.04 or 0.05%) improves weldability and welding stresses - Phosphorus ( 0.04 or 0.05%) reduces ductility and toughness Grades of steel Grade A - White Grade B - Green Grade D - Red Grade E - Yellow Cont- Grade A A mild steel used in the majority of the ship structures of less than 20 mm thickness such as bulkheads, tank top, non strength decks and superstructures Grade B A mild steel used for strength members of 20 to 25 mm thickness Grade D A ‘Notch-tough’ steel which resists the spread of cracks and has higher strength. It is used for structure greater than 25 mm thick Grade E An ‘Extra Notch tough’ steel because this is a heat treated Grade D steel used for very thick plating in excess of 50mm thick. It is used for sheer strakes, bilge strakes, keels I.e. all high stress regions of the ship Artic D A special grade of steels used where part of the structure is subject to extremely l