ppt课件-measuringvoltageandcurrent-facultypages.pptVIP

Measuring Voltage and Current d’Arsenval analog meter movement Analog Ammeter Use a d’Arsenval meter movement with a parallel resistor (shunt). The parallel resistor diverts some of the current away from the meter movement. Analog Voltmeter Use a d’Arsenval meter movement in series with a resistor (multiplier). The resistor limits the voltage drop across the meter movement. Sources of Error Any instrument (meter) used to make measurements extracts energy from the circuit. (Known as “loading” the circuit). The amount of error due to loading depends on the effective resistance of the instrument compared with the resistance in the circuit. Rule of the “one-tenth” The effective resistance of the ammeter should be no more than 1/10th of the value of the smallest resistance in the circuit. The current being measured should be the same with or without the ammeter. For a Voltmeter Since voltage is a parallel measurement, the “loading” effect is minimized when the voltmeter resistance is much higher than the circuit resistance across which the measurement is being made. Problem # 3.32 An ammeter with a resistance of 5? is used to measure the current io in the circuit. What is the % error in the measured value? Problem # 3.33 A d’Arsenval voltmeter is shown. Determine the value of Rv for a full-scale reading of 5 Volts. Choosing the Multiplier Resistor When 5V is applied, the meter will be at full-scale deflection. The meter resistance is 50?. Total resistance needs to be 5k?. The series resistor Rv (multiplier) needs to be 4950?. Problem # 3.34 The d’Arsenval voltmeter described in Problem # 3.33 is used to measure the voltage across the 24? resistor. What will the voltmeter read?What is the % error in the reading? *ECE 201 Circuit Theory I io * * *ECE 201 Circuit Theory I