a research proposalto n s f- the ecosystems center（研究proposalto n s f -生态系统的中心）（44页）.docVIP

A Research Proposal to NSF LONG-TERM ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH (LTER) IN LAND/OCEAN MARGIN ECOSYSTEMS Plum Island Sound Comparative Ecosystem Study (PISCES): Effects of changing land cover, climate, and sea level on estuarine trophic dynamics Charles S. Hopkinson, Jr.1 Dennis Allen2 Robert Buchsbaum3 Linda Deegan1 Michelle Dionne4 Anne Giblin1 John Hobbie1 James Morris5 Bruce Peterson1 Joseph Vallino1 Charles Vorosmarty6 1Ecosystems Center Marine Biological Laboratory Woods Hole, MA 2University of South Carolina Georgetown, SC 3Massachusetts Audubon Society Wenham, MA 4Wells National Estuarine Research Reserve Wells, ME 5University of South Carolina Columbia, SC 6University of New Hampshire Durham, NH June 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS Project Summary 3 Results from Prior Support 4 Introduction 9 Questions and Hypotheses 9 Justification Hypothesis 1 10 Justification Hypothesis 2 10 Synthesis 12 Research Questions 12 Site Description 13 Plum Island Sound Land Margin System 13 Wells Estuary, Maine 13 North Inlet, South Carolina 14 Proposed Research 14 Question 1 14 Question 2 16 Question 3 18 Question 4 20 Question 5 22 Research Approach 24 Long Term Experiments 25 Comparative Ecosystem Research 25 International LTER 25 Regional Modeling Collaborations 25 Outreach, Education, Lay Collaborations 26 Synthesis 26 Long Term Site Core Measurements 28 Literature Cited 29 Research Management and Schedule 38 Data Information and Management 40 PROJECT SUMMARY Human activities in rivers and watersheds have altered enormously the timing, magnitude and nature of inputs of materials such as water, sediments, nutrients and organic matter to estuaries. An important but neglected linkage between land and coastal waters is the input of dissolved and particulate organic carbon and organic nitrogen. This long-term ecological research (LTER) in land/ocean margin ecosystems will focus on the