翻译3_长句的翻译[精选].ppt

专业英语翻译(5) －长句的翻译 科技英语中大量使用后置定语、各种短语和复杂结构形成长句结构。 长句拆译方法1　化整为零，分译法 The loads a structure is subjected to are divided into dead loads, which include the weights of all the parts of the structure, and live loads, which are due to the weights of people, movable equipment, etc. 长句拆译方法1:分译法 英文原句包含多层含义，为了行文简洁，将整个长句译成几个独立的句子，顺序基本不变，保持前后的联贯。 长句拆译方法2　变序法 The reason that a neutral body is attracted by a charged body is that, although the neutral body is neutral within itself, it is not neutral with respect to the charge body, and the two bodies act as if oppositely charged when brought near each other. 长句拆译方法2：变序法 英文原句的结构复杂，可按汉语习惯由远及近的顺序从中间断句，层层展开，最后画龙点睛，突出主题。 长句拆译方法3　逆序法 The resistance of any length of a conducting wire is easily measured by finding the potential difference in volts between its ends when a known current is flowing. 长句拆译方法3：逆序法 由于英语惯用前置性陈述，先果后因；而汉语相反，一般先因后果，层层递进，最后综合，点出主题。由此遇到此类句子，应当先译全句的后部，再依次向前，拟序译出。 长句拆译法4顺序法 No such limitation is placed on an alternating-current machine; here the only requirement is relative motion, and since a stationary armature and a rotating field system have numerous advantages, this arrangement is standard practice for all synchronous machine rated above a few kilovolt-amperes. 长句拆译法4：顺序法 英文原句结构的顺序与汉语相同，层次分明，译成汉语时顺序推进即可。 长句拆译法 分译法 变序法 逆序法 顺序法 Excercises 1) In reality, the lines of division between science are becoming blurred, and science is again approaching the “unity” that it had two centuries ago － although the accumulated knowledge is enormously greater now, and no one person can hope to comprehend more than a fraction of it. In reality, the lines of division between science are becoming blurred, and science is again approaching the “unity” that it had two centuries ago － although the accumulated knowledge is enormously greater now, and no one person can hope to comprehend more than a fraction of it. 参考译文：虽然现在积累的知识要多得多，而且任何个人也只可望了解其中的一小部分；但是事实上，各学科之间的界限却变得模糊不清，科学再次近似于两百年前那样的“单一整体”。 2) In pursuance of this aim