词汇基本知识总结2014.04.03..docx

词汇基本知识总结英语单词的结构：前缀＋词根＋后缀拆分标志：辅音双写：前缀和词根 词根和后缀前缀：a)加强语气b)方向（同方向－肯定；反方向－否定……）eg. a – 加强语气／否定 e – 向外（exit） i – 往里（in）/否定词根：来源：a)旧单词的组合 b)近义词／同义词的简写（摘取字母） c)音变产生－同义词／近义词／反义词 辅音：b , p , m , f (v) 元音：a ,e , i( y ) d , t , s , d? o , ur , n , l u , v , w后缀：表示词性，无意义er or ar ir ur ionate ete ite ute oteary ery iry ury oryacy ecy icy ucy ocyaty ety ity uty otyal ar anel en eril in irul un urol on orate+ion=ationite+ate+ion=itationDay 1adequate 【释义】adj. 适当的，充分的，足够的，胜任的【同义】sufficient, ample, enough, plenty, be rich in【反义】inadequate, insufficientad（加强语气）+equ+ate（后缀）equ词根：相等（equal）adequacy链接: 名词后缀-cy 表?示:例: bankruptcy supremacy emergency piracypregnancy accuracy近意词 sufficient ?前缀 sur-(super)surface surpasssurmount survival surplusequal? 反意 unequalequally equality名词后缀-ty 例:?safety loyalty loy-词根：捆绑 alloy n.合金royalty novelty certainty penalty 词根：pen:钱pennypen-pentt/ct 衔接后缀，协助发音，无意义pen-pent-pens-pendexpendexpenditureexpensivepensionpenaltypurity?reality?abilityequator Ecuador厄瓜多尔equation equivalentequ+i+val(value)+entent :可做名词（student）例: solvent absorbent corrodent-ent : 可做形容词----所对应的名词后缀－ence/ency例:existence → existentemergence→emergent excellence→excellent difference→different dependence→depedent independent-independenceconfidence→confidentpersistence→persisientequip v.装备，配备equ+ip(ship) equ-eco平衡（生态，生命）ecology n.生态学ecosystem n.生态系统arise【释义】v. 兴起，发生，出现【同义】appear, originate, emerge【反义】disappear, vanish, extinct, die awaya（加强语气）+riserise v.升起raise v.举起，使高升rouse v.唤醒arouse v.唤醒artificial 【释义】a.人造的，人工的【同义】counterfeit【反义】genuine , natural , realart(arm-ar+t)+i+fic（做）+i+al词根f（做） factorypalm/handfact-fect-fict-fuct-foct-fac-fic-fec-figfic 词根表示:officeefficient inefficientefficiencyeffectivesufficientdeficient defect deficitdeficiency proficient proficiencymagnificentmagnify amplifyample examplesample-ity n. –ify v.purifysimplify beautifyhumidifyhumidhumidifier defeateffect effectiveefficientaffectionaffectionatedisaffection infectinfectiousdisinfected perfectperfection perfectio