天津理工大学-软件工程总结(红字是考点).docVIP

填空10个， 选择10个，名词解释5个，简答题2个，画图题2个 第一章 FAQs about software engineering软件工程中常见的问题 software： Computer programs and associated documentation 软件是计算机程序和所有使程序正确运行所需要的相关文档和配置信息 Software products软件产品分为：Generic通用、Bespoke (custom)定制 2、Software engineering is an engineering discipline that is concerned with all aspects of software production.软件工程是一门工程学科，涉及软件生产的各个方面 Software engineers should adopt a systematic and organised approach 软件工程人员运用的是系统的、有组织的工作方法。 3、difference between software engineering and computer science：系统工程和计算机科学的区别：Software engineering is an engineering discipline that is concerned with all aspects of software production.计算机科学侧重于理论和基础，而软件工程侧重于软件开发和交付的实际活动。 4、 the difference between software engineering and system engineering： 软件工程和系统工程的区别：System engineering is concerned with all aspects of computer-based systems development including hardware, software and process engineering. Software engineering is part of this process系统工程侧重基于计算机系统开发的所有方面，包括硬件、软件和处理工程。软件工程只是它的一部分。 software process ：A set of activities whose goal is the development or evolution of software. 软件工程是以软件开发和进化为目的的一系列活动 Generic activities in all software processes:软件过程的基本活动 Specification 软件描述 Development 软件开发 Validation软件有效性验证 Evolution 软件进化 6、software process model：软件过程模型 A simplified representation of a software process, presented from a specific perspective. 从特定角度提出的软件过程的简化表示形式 Examples of process perspectives are Workflow perspective 工作流模型 Data-flow perspective 数据流或活动模型 Role/action perspective角色/动作模型 Generic process models 通用过程模型 Waterfall瀑布型开发方法 Iterative development迭代式开发方法 Component-based software engineering（CBSE）基于组件的软件工程 7、the costs of software engineering软件工程的成本 Roughly 60% of costs are development costs, 40% are testing costs. For custom software, evolution costs often exceed development costs. 软件开发成本约占60%，测试成本占40%。对于定制软件而言，进化成本常常高于开发成本。 8、software engineering methods软件工程方法： Structured approaches to software development which include system models, notations, rules, design advice and process