名词和名词词.pptVIP

名词和名词词组 1 名词的分类和名词词组的句法功能 1）名词分类 a)根据构词法分为： 简单名词(Simple Noun) 复合名词(Compound Noun) 派生名词(Derivative Noun) b)根据词汇意义分为： 普通名词(Common Noun) 专有名词(Proper Noun) c)根据语法意义分为： 可数名词(Countable Noun) 不可数名词(Uncountable Noun) 2）名词词组的句法功能 作主语 Children at play seldom remember what time it is. The boys quarrelling over the game each insisted that the other was unfair. 作主语补语 That was an unattractive little black chair. My grandfather died a martyr to his revolutionary ideal. 作宾语 They gave him a first-rate education. In the hall, I saw some extremely valuable pictures. 作宾语补语 They elected him chairman of the board. The School Board have appointed her Superintendent of the city’s schools. 作同位语 Mr. Brown, director of the coal mine, should be responsible for the accident. Alice, a professor of the department, will be invited to our English evening. 作介词的补足成分（即介词的“宾语”） We teachers should be concerned about the students’ moral culture. Within the house nothing stirs. In the garden I can hear the singing of birds. I can hear the rustle of their wings. 作状语和连词 He returned last night. A photo is taken each time (= whenever) this button is pushed. She phoned her parents the moment (=as soon as) she reached the hotel. 2 名词的数 数(number)指的是名词和某些限定词的单、复数形式。 1)规则复数与不规则复数 a)规则复数 其他名词复数的规则变化 以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数： 如：two Marys the Henrys monkey-monkeys holiday-holidays 比较：楼层：storey-storeys story-stories 以o结尾的名词，变复数时： a. 加s,如：photo-photos piano-pianos radio-radios zoo-zoos b.加es,如：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes c.均可，如：zero-zeros/zeroes 以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时： a.加s,如：belief-beliefs roof-roofs safe-safes gulf-gulfs b.去f,fe加ves，如：half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves wolf-wolves wife-wives life-lives thief-thieves c.均可，如：handkerchief-handkerchiefs/handkerchieves b)不规则复数 (p.44-45) 通过内部元音变化等 外来词 有些外来词有两种复数，即外来复数形式和英语的规则复数形式： 外来词 外来复数 英语复