uml课件ect1-Evolution Object Model-Unified Process.pptVIP

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uml课件ect1-Evolution Object Model-Unified Process.ppt

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Lecture 1. The Evolution of the Object Model and Unified Development Process 内容提要： 1. The Evolution of the Object Model 面向对象模型的进化(Grady Booch Book 2.1) 2. Review of Earlier Software Development Models 早期软件开发模型回顾 (Mark Priestley Book) 3. The Unified Process 统一过程模型 (Mark Priestley Book) 4. The Use of UML in the Unified Process 1. The Evolution of the Object Model (Grad Book 2.1) 面向对象开发继承了其它语言的精髓 OO development is not a radical departure from earlier approaches. Indeed, it is founded in the best ideas from prior technologies. 本节研究编程语言的进化，以便理解面向对象技术 In this section, we will examine the evolution of the programming languages to help us understand the foundation and emergence of OO technology. 从历史上看，我们注意到两种潮流：从小规模编程到大规模编程的转变；高级编程语言的进化 As we look back on the history of software engineering. We notice two sweeping trends: The shift in focus from programming-in-the-small to programming-in-the-large The evolution of high-order programming languages 大多数工业软件系统都比较大且复杂 Most new industrial-strength software systems are larger and more complex than their predecessors were even just a few years ago. The Generations of Programming Languages 编程语言的断代 Programming languages generations are arranged according to the language features they first introduced ■ First-generation languages (1954–1958) FORTRAN I: Mathematical expressions ALGOL 58: Mathematical expressions 特点：数学表达式；科学、工程 ■ Second-generation languages (1959–1961) FORTRAN II: Subroutines, separate compilation ALGOL 60: Block structure, data types COBOL: Data description, file handling 特点：算法抽象（子程序），文件处理，商业应用 000100 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. 000200 PROGRAM-ID. HAPPYNEWYEAR. 000300 100000 PROCEDURE DIVISION. 100100 100200 MAIN-LOGIC SECTION. 100300 BEGIN. 100400 DISPLAY LINE 1 POSITION 1 ERASE EOS. 100500 DISPLAY Happy New Year! LINE 15 POSITION 10 100600 STOP RUN. 100700 MAIN-LOGIC-EXIT. 100800 EXIT. ■ Third-generation languages (1962–1970) PL/1: FORTRAN + ALGOL + COBO