ppt课件-abdomen assessment.ppt- mercer university（腹部的评估。ppt -美世大学）.pptVIP

Abdomen Assessment D. Tanner, RN, MSN NUR 211 Fall Semester Anatomy of the Abdomen 4 Quadrants RUQ, RLQ, LUQ, LLQ Midline 9 Regions- epigastric, umbilical, suprapubic The word abdomen has a curious story behind it. It comes from the Latin abdodere, to hide. The idea was that whatever was eaten was hidden in the abdomen. 4 Quadrants 9 Regions Location! Location! Location! RUQ liver gallbladder duodenum (small intestine) pancreas head right kidney and adrenal Location! Location! Location! RLQ cecum appendix right ovary and tube Location! Location! Location! LLQ sigmoid colon left ovary and tube LUQ stomach spleen pancreas left kidney and adrenal GI Variations Due to Age Aging- should not affect GI function unless associated with a disease process Decreased: salivation, sense of taste, gastric acid secretion, esophageal emptying, liver size, bacterial flora Increased: constipation! GI Variations with pregnancy Decrease in gastric motility High incidence of N, V (r/t pregnancy hormones) and “heartburn” or acid reflux Bowel sounds diminished r/t enlarged uterus displacing intestines Linea nigra- increased pigmentation of abd midline Striae Gravidarum Nursing History - Abdomen Subjective Data: Ask about: Appetite Wt gain or loss Dysphagia Intolerance to certain foods Any Abdominal Pain of Nausea and Vomiting Bowel movements Any past abdominal problems Nursing History Infants and Children – Ask: bottle or breast fed, any table foods, how often how well how much the baby eat, any problems with constipation, c/o of any abdominal pain Teenagers- Ask: nutritional assessment, activity exercise patterns, recent wt. loss or gain Nursing History Older Adults Ask: how do you get your groceries? prepare your meals? do you have any trouble swallowing? how often do your bowels move? how often do you take anything for constipation? Rx / OTC/ herbs what meds do you take? Nursing Assessment Objective Data: General Obs