ppt课件-living outsideof9.8msecsecor biomedical challengesfor（生活outsideof9.8msecsecor生物医学挑战）.pptVIP

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ppt课件-living outsideof9.8msecsecor biomedical challengesfor（生活outsideof9.8msecsecor生物医学挑战）.ppt

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Human Space Travel: Medical Challenges Present and Future Diane Byerly, Ph.D. NASA Johnson Space Center Houston, TX Contributors Neal Pellis, Ph.D. Marguerite Sognier, Ph.D. Diana Risin, MD., Ph.D. Lalita Sundaresan, Ph.D. Thomas Goodwin, Ph.D. Steve Gonda, Ph.D. Dennis Morrison, Ph.D. Diane Byerly, Ph.D. Mark Clarke, Ph.D. John Charles, Ph.D. Tacey Baker, M.S. Challenges Present Orbital Missions Known medical risks Communications Access to Earth Minimum autonomy Future Moon (Short duration) Mostly known medical risks Communications 2-3 day to access Earth facilities Greater autonomy necessary Future (con’t) Moon (Long duration) Many known medical risks, others unknown but anticipated Communication 2-3 day to access Earth facilities Greater autonomy necessary Mars Many medical risks (known, unknown, unanticipated) Communications difficult Probably no access to Earth facilities Autonomous medical care absolutely required Physical factors that influence nature Life evolved on earth while the force of gravity has been constant for 4.8 billion years. Therefore, there is little or no genetic memory of life responding to gravitational force changes. As we transition terrestrial life to low gravity environments and study the adaptive processes in cells, our understanding of the role of gravity in shaping evolution on Earth will increase. The response of higher organisms to this ‘new’ environment may be less ordered than the response to say, thermal change. Risks to Humans in Microgravity Exposure to ionizing radiation Bone density decrease Muscle Atrophy Cardiovascular Deconditioning Psychosocial impacts Fluid Shifting Vestibular Dysfunction Hematological changes Immune Dysfunction Delayed wound healing Gastrointestinal Distress Orthostatic Intolerance Renal stones What happens to humans in space? Early response (3 weeks) Cephalad fluid shift Neurovestibular disturbances Sleep disturbances Bone demineralization Intermediate (3 weeks to 6 months) Radiation ex