UnitParticiplesVoice.docxVIP

Unit 2.Participles/voice分词/语态A．participlesPresent Participles构成进行时The world is trying to stop global warming.Violence on television is increasing juvenile [d??v?n?l]delinquency.分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词注意：动名词和现在分词虽然形式一样,但从本身词性来说,动名词顾名思义,属名词词性,所以在句中要充当名词能作的成分,常作主语/宾语/定语/表语.现在分词(表主动/进行),属形容词词性,充当形容词能作的成分,常作表语/定语/状语/补语.所以可以从-ing形式作的成分来确定它是动名词还是现在分词.如果-ing形式是作主语/宾语的,那肯定就是动名词了.如果是作状语/补语,那肯定是现在分词.至于动名词和现在分词都可以作的成分定语/表语,需要具体去区别.作定语时的区别:现在分词表示主动/进行,作定语时表示与被修饰词是主动关系.动名词作定语时表示被修饰词的用途.做形容词时表主动含义We should protect every living creature.Not all television programs are interesting.Past Participles构成完成时We have experienced a great deal of stress in our daily lives.Before the airplane was invented, people had thought that only birds could fly.作形容词时表被动含义Highly educated people may get better jobs than others.Some parents are never satisfied with their children’s grades.(被满足)总结：现在分词表示“主动和进行”，过去分词表示“被动和完成”Participle Clauses种类分词短语作状语表示时间、原因、条件、让步和伴随状态。Travelling in other countries, you should follow their customs.( = When you travel…)Being easily affected by the media, children should not watch television without their parents.(= Because they are…)Studying with a group , you will get distracted easily.(= If you study…)Hating electronic waves, I spend a lot of time in front of my computer.(= Though I hate…)Wearing her glasses, my grandmother was reading a book.(= With her glasses on…)要注意的用法Getting hotter, people plan outdoor activities.(×)（人不能变热）With the weather getting hotter, people plan outdoor activities.(= As the weather gets…)Exploring outer space , we should solve the environmental problems on Earth.( ×)（直接翻译就是我们探索外太空，我们要解决环境问题，明显意思不对，时间上应该有先后，所以前面要加before）Before exploring outer space, we should solve the environmental problems on Earth.(= Before we explore…)作为惯用语使用的分词短语Generally speaking, people with good eating habits do not frequently get sick.Judging from my experience , some movies are not worth watching.Compared with nonfiction, fiction is more fun to read.B. Voice（语态）The Active and