Principles of Legal Translation培训教程文件.pptVIP

Principles of Legal Translation ? Dr. Xinhong Zhang 1.1 Foreword There will be 5 basic principles for the translator to follow in their practice: 1）Accuracy and Precision； 2）Consistency and Identity； 3）Clarity and Concision； 4）Standardized Professional Language； 5）Team Work. 5.1 Accuracy and Precision Original: The defence produced EX.D1, a medical report which showed that the appellant had suffered abrasion to both hands, arms and elbows and clinical fractures to both legs and arms. Tr: 辩方将一份医生报告﹐证物 D1﹐（医学报告即D1）呈堂。报告指出上诉人双手﹐手臂及手肘（双臂及双肘）都有擦伤﹐而且双手和双脚（双脚和双臂都有骨折。 5.1 Accuracy and Precision 外国合营者如果有意以落后的技术和设备进行欺骗，造成损失的﹐应赔偿损失。 TR01: If the foreign joint venturer causes losses by deception through the intentional use of backward technology and equipment, he shall pay compensation for the losses（错）. TR02: If the foreign joint venturer causes any loss or losses by deception through the intentional use of backward technology and equipment, he shall pay compensation therefor. 5.1 Accuracy and Precision Original: 陪审团宣告被告谋杀罪不成立。 TR: The jury acquitted the respondent of the charge of murder. 分析: 该句中的“被告”一词应用“the accused”, 而不能用“respondent ”, 因为“respondent”指的是民事案件的答辩人即被告,尤指离婚案的被告(defendant in a civil case, especially, in a divorce one) ,而“the accused”则是刑事案件的被告(the person charged in a criminal case) 。 “原告”和“被告”在译成英文时因不同的案子而使用不同的词语。民事案件的“原告”和“被告”分别为“plaintiff”和“defendant”;离婚案件的“原告”和“被告”分别为“petitioner”和“respondent”;海事案件的“原告”和“被告”分别为“libellant”和“libellee”;刑事案件的“自诉人/公诉人”和“被告人”则分别为“private prosecutor/ public prosecutor”和“the accused”（原告 accuser）。 5.1 Accuracy and Precision Original: 技术转让许可一般分为三种:他们是普通许可、排他许可和独占许可。 TR: The licence of technology transfer usually falls into three kinds , i.e., simple licence, sole licence and exclusive licence. 分析:在该句中, “技术转让”应为“technology transfer”。“assignment”一般用于资本和债务转让,如“assignment of capital”(资本转让), “assignment of debt s”(债务转让) 。还有该句中的“独占许可”经常误译成“sole licence”,实际上应为“exclusive licence”。三种不同的许可规定了当事人双方不同的权利和义务,不能有丝毫的差错。 5.2 Consistenc