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Translation Criticism 5 Principles of Translation Criticism Focus Today I. Six Review Questions II. What is Translation Criticism? Definition, Classification, and Methods III. Purposes and Functions of Translation Criticism IV. Principles of Translation Criticism V. Subjectivity and Objectivity of Translation Criticism VI. Three Practices 1. Crystal’s four aspects of style (1) “Style may refer to some or all of the language habits (i.e. speech and writing habits of one person). For example, Hemingway’s Style (2) The word may refer to some or all of the language habits shared by a group of people at one time, or over a period of time. For example, the style of Augustan poets (Virgil), the style of legal documents. (3) The word may be used in an evaluative sense, referring to the effectiveness of a mode of expression. Here it is implied by a popular definition of style as “saying the right thing in the most effective way” or “good manners”. For example, His writing lacks style. (4) Partly overlapping with the three senses just outlined is the widespread use of the word “style” to refer solely to literary language. a. “Who cares what a man’s style is, so it is intelligible, as intelligible as his thought. Literally and really, the style is no more than the stylus, the pen he writes with; and it is not worth scraping and polishing, and gilding, unless it will write his thoughts the better for it. It is something for use, and not to look at.” (Henry David Thoreau, 1) b. Le style, c’est l’homme meme The style is the man himself.” (George-Louis Leclerc de Buffon, 3) c. “Style is that which indicates how the writer takes himself and what he is saying. It is the mind skating circles around itself as it moves forward.” (Robert Frost, 6) d. Proper words in proper places, make the true definition of style.” e. To me style is just the outside of content, and content the inside of style, like the outside and the inside of the human body. Both go