倒装及倒装习题供参习.doc

Grammar(倒装) 英语句子一般有两种语序，一种主语在前，谓语在后，称为为自然语序。二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序，而倒装语序中又有完全倒装和部分倒装。 功能：1强调部分内容。2 满足语法结构的需要。3 为了保持句子平衡或与上下文衔接。完全倒装 一、There be 句型。 There be （stand ，exist ，live，lie…）+名词(主语) + 状语 There exist serious problems. There stands a tower on top of the hill. There will be a basketball match this afternoon. 二、以表示地点或方位的副词开头的句子，要完全倒装。 “adv（here，there，now，out，in，up，down，away）+vi+主语” 车来了。 Here comes the bus. 铃响了。 There goes the bell. 该你的了。 Now comes your turn. 孩子们出去了。 Out went children. 注意:　当代词做主语时，主谓语序不变。 Away he went to the station.Here he comes. 他来了。 三、作地点的介词短语位于句首 (为了句子平衡或强调表语或状语或使上下文衔接) E.g. In front of house sat a small boy.Under the tree stands a little boy. 四、Such 位于句首，意为“这样的人或事” E.g.：Such is Jack. He is friendly to his friends. Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man with great achievements. 五、表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语+系动词+主语” 1 “形容词+系动词+主语” E.g.：Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. 2 “过去分词+系动词+主语” E.g.：Gone are the days when they could do what they liked. 3 “介词短语+be+主语” E.g.：Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys. 部分倒装 一、用于疑问句 　　Do you speak English? 二、“两种从句，两种句型，两种状语” （一）.两种从句 1. 在省略 if 的虚拟条件中，将 were, had, should 放在主语前，构成倒装。 2. as / though 引导的让步状语从句，要部分倒装。 (形容词，或名词、动词原形）+as（though）＋引导的让步状语从句（though 从句也可不用倒装；as从句一定要倒装；although不能引导倒装的从句。）且表语是名词要省去冠词,最高级前要去掉the。 E.g.1）Though / Although he is a child, he knows a lot.(正常语序) Child as / though he is, he knows a lot.（倒装） 2）Clever as / though he is, he studies hard.. 3）Try as he might, he could not find a job. （二）、两种句型 1、 so (也一样)，neither / nor (也不)放在句首，表示前面的情况也适用于另一个人或物，要部分倒装构成”So+助动词/情态动词/be+主”。 1)I don’t buy products that cause pollution. Most people I know do not buy them, either. I don’t buy…, and neither / nor do most people. 2）He works in Chongqing and so do I . 注意：应用”so it is with sb.”或“It is the same with…”结构。E.g.: 1）---Tom is a student and studies hard. ---So it is with John.\It is the same with John. 2）’t like pla