句子成分,介词短语,词的搭配学习指导书.pptVIP

Part One Preview Knowledge Kong Nannan Lesson two 2008.09.22 I. Sentence Members ＊ subject(主), predicate(谓), object(宾) ＊ attributive(定) adverbial（状） predicative(表) complement(补) appositive (同位语) parenthesis (插入语) 知识点扩充：可以带双宾语的常见动词 此类动词以give为代表，常带有“给予”的意思。 Allow, assign, ask, award, bring, buy, cause, fetch, give, hand, leave, offer, owe, pay, post, promise, read, return, sell, send, show, sing, take, telephone, tell, teach, throw, write. Give sb. sth. → Give sth. to sb. Eg. Can you buy me a meal? Can I ask you a question? Cause me a lot of trouble. The following points may be important. 1. Positions of an appositive 同位语(Pay attention to its translation into Chinese.) (1) normal positions (p6) ①▲immediately followed by ②★set off by a comma from noun ③set off by a colon from appositive ④set off by a dash from ⑤set off by an introducing word or phrase from (namely, that is, such as, for example, ...) 译法总结(3种)： ① ～这个[这一]……把同位语单独译成一句。 The term sensitivity（灵敏度）is often used in radio engineering. 灵敏度这一术语经常用于无线电工程中。 The word “radar” comes from radio detection and ranging.（p6） 雷达这一术语来自无线电探测与测距。 ②单独译成一句（一般有逗号分开时） Arithmetic（算术）, the science of numbers, is the base of mathematics.（p6） 算术是一门有关数字的科学，它是数学的基础。 The decibel is one tenth of a bel, a unit named after Alexander Graham Bell. 分贝是贝尔的十分之一，而贝尔这个单位是根据亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔的名字命名的。 译法总结： ③ 译成“也就是”或用破折号引出 This chapter examines the properties of an important nonlinear（非线性的）device, the diode rectifier（整流器）. 本章介绍了一种重要的非线性设备——整流器。 (2) special positions (了解) ① 主语的同位语处于主语前（一般译成独立的一句；或译成“作为……”） appositive, subject ～ A new technology introduced in the 1960’s, laser can pierce the hardest substance such as diamond. 激光是在20世纪60年代发展起来的一项新技术，它能穿透像金刚石这样最坚硬的物质。 ②一个句子的同位语处于句子末尾（译成单独的一句） ～, appositive (a noun phrase) A magnet attracts iron materials, a familiar