垄断(经济学原理,曼昆,中英文双语)优秀讲义.pptVIP

Monopoly垄断 Chapter 15 Monopoly 垄断 While a competitive firm is a price taker, a monopoly firm is a price maker. 竞争企业是价格接受者，而垄断企业是价格制定者。 Monopoly 垄断 A firm is considered a monopoly if . . . it is the sole seller of its product. its product does not have close substitutes. 如果一个企业是其产品唯一的卖者，而且如果其产品并没有相近的替代品，这个企业就是垄断者。 Why Monopolies Arise为什么会产生垄断 The fundamental cause of monopoly is barriers to entry. 垄断的基本原因是进入障碍。 Why Monopolies Arise Barriers to entry have three sources: Ownership of a key resource. The government gives a single firm the exclusive right to produce some good. Costs of pr