外研版 Book 2 Module 5 Grammar.doc

时间状语从句和原因状语从句 【归纳1】引导时间状语从句的连词主要有when, while, as, efore, after, since, till / until, as soon as, once等，本期主要讲解when, while和as引导时间状语从句的用法。 连词 用法 例句 when 表示“当……的时候”，从句中既可用延续性动词也可用非延续性动词。从句的动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句动作之前或之后发生。 He waved when he saw her. It was raining when we arrived. When I met the Gills, I had een gardening for nearly ten years. 用于e doing sth. when ...结构中，表示“正在做某事时突然……”。 I was preparing lunch in the kitchen when the power was off. 用于e aout to do sth. when ...结构中，表示“正要做某事时突然……”。 We were aout to have dinner when someone knocked at the door. 用于had just / hardly + 动词-ed形式 + when ...结构中，表示“刚做完某事突然……”。 I had just / hardly fallen asleep when the phone rang. while 表示“在……期间，与……同时”，从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，强调主句动作在从句动作发生的过程中发生或两动作同时进行。 Sam fell asleep while he was doing his homework. You can go swimming while I’m having lunch. as 表示“随着，一边……一边……”，侧重主句和从句两个动作同时发生或主句动作随从句动作的变化而变化。 As time passed, things seemed to get worse. She cried as she watched the movie. 【归纳2】常见的引导原因状语从句的连词主要有：ecause, since, as, now that等。 连词 用法 例句 ecause 语气最强，表示直接原因，常用来回答why引出的问题；通常放在主句之后，不能与so连用。 I did it ecause he told me to. —Why didn’t you come to school yesterday? —ecause I was ill. since / now that 语气较弱，强调已知的事实，常放在主句之前，译为“既然”。 Since you are unale to answer, maye we should ask someone else. Now that you have finished your work, you’d etter have a rest. as 较口语化，常放在主句之前，表示明显的原因和理由。 As it was getting late, I turned around to start for home. 注意：for也可表示原因，连接两个分句，但for后面的分句只是对前面的分句补充说明理由或推断原因。for引导的分句只能放在句子后部，与前一分句以逗号隔开。如： I cannot tell whether she is old or young, for I have never seen her. 【即学即练1】用when, while或as填空。 1. Kevin gets more attractive ________ he gets older. 2. I’ll phone you again ________ I get home. 3. Could you take care of the children ________ I cook lunch? 【即学即练2】用ecause, now that, since, as或for填空。 1. The game was called off ________ it rained. 2. ________ you’ve passed your test you can drive on your own. 3. —Why can’t I go? —________ you’re not old enough. 4. I elieved her, ________ surely